Uluslararas\u0131 K\u0131z\u0131lha\u00e7 ve K\u0131z\u0131lay Dernekleri Federasyonu (IFRC), d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda 13,7 milyon g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn katk\u0131lar\u0131 ve 192 ulusal dernek arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla 150 milyon ki\u015fiye ula\u015fan d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck insani yard\u0131m a\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Afetlerin ve sa\u011fl\u0131kla ilgili acil durumlar\u0131n \u00f6ncesinde, s\u0131ras\u0131nda ve sonras\u0131nda ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak ve savunmas\u0131z insanlar\u0131n ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in hep birlikte hareket ediyoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
IFRC; T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de g\u00f6\u00e7menler ve yerel halk, afetlerden etkilenenler ve insani yard\u0131ma ihtiyac\u0131 olan di\u011fer gruplar d\u00e2hil 2,1 milyondan fazla insan\u0131 desteklemek i\u00e7in T\u00fcrk K\u0131z\u0131lay ile birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Avrupa Birli\u011fi taraf\u0131ndan finanse edilen ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de en savunmas\u0131z durumdaki 1,5 milyondan fazla g\u00f6\u00e7mene ayl\u0131k nakit yard\u0131m sa\u011flayan Sosyal Uyum Yard\u0131m\u0131 (SUY) program\u0131, birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z en \u00f6nemli programd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
On Y\u0131ldan Fazla S\u00fcredir\u2026 \u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki \u00dc\u00e7 Zorluk<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00fcrkiye, Mart 2021\u2019de Suriye Krizi\u2019nin 10. y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 geride b\u0131rakt\u0131 fakat h\u00e2len 13,4 milyon Suriyeli insani yard\u0131ma muhta\u00e7 durumdad\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmaya daha kal\u0131c\u0131 bir siyasi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bulunmas\u0131n\u0131 savunurken 3,7 milyon Suriyeliye ev sahipli\u011fi yaparak temel ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131nda \u00f6nc\u00fc rol oynamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Zorunlu g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn 12. y\u0131l\u0131na girdi\u011fimiz bu krizde (\u00e7o\u011fu uzun s\u00fcreli krizde, karma\u015f\u0131k acil durumlarda ve kronik k\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131k durumlar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi) kal\u0131c\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm umutlar\u0131 h\u00e2l\u00e2 netle\u015fmemi\u015ftir. Bu nedenle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n oda\u011f\u0131nda \u201cuzun vadeli diren\u00e7lilik\u201d olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu da dikkatimizi insani yard\u0131m ve kalk\u0131nma eylemlerini birbirine ba\u011flamaya y\u00f6nelik \u00e7abalara at\u0131fta bulunan \u201cba\u011f (nexus) yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u201d gere\u011fince sadece ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamaya de\u011fil, onlar\u0131 azaltmaya da odaklamakla m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu y\u0131l IFRC, COVID-19 pandemisinin k\u00fcresel sosyoekonomik etkilerinin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ortaya koyan Drowning Just Below the Surface<\/em> (Y\u00fczeyin Hemen Alt\u0131nda Bo\u011fulma)<\/a>1<\/a><\/sup> ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yeni bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma yay\u0131mlad\u0131. Ara\u015ft\u0131rma, COVID-19\u2019un y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 sosyoekonomik etkilerinden en orant\u0131s\u0131z \u015fekilde etkilenen gruplar\u0131n kad\u0131nlar, kentsel alanlardaki insanlar ve hareket h\u00e2lindeki insanlar oldu\u011funu ortaya koydu. \u0130kinci kategoride yer alan g\u00f6\u00e7menler ve m\u00fcltecilerin pandemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda i\u015flerini kaybetme olas\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 daha y\u00fcksekti ve resm\u00ee koruma ve koruma tedbirleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan geni\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ihmal edildiler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu sonu\u00e7, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u00e7o\u011fu SUY yararlan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 olan ge\u00e7ici ve uluslararas\u0131 koruma alt\u0131ndaki ki\u015filerle y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m Sonras\u0131 \u0130zleme Raporlar\u0131<\/em><\/a>2<\/a><\/sup>, Odak Grup Tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131<\/em> (\u00f6zellikle bor\u00e7 odakl\u0131 olanlar d\u00e2hil) ve Sekt\u00f6rler Aras\u0131 K\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131k \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131<\/em><\/a>3<\/a><\/sup> ile de desteklenmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ara\u015ft\u0131rma, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki bir\u00e7ok g\u00f6\u00e7men ve ev sahibi toplulu\u011fun pandemi nedeniyle i\u015fini (gelirini) kaybetti\u011fini g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne sermi\u015ftir. Bu kay\u0131p ya\u015fam maliyetindeki art\u0131\u015f ve g\u0131da, faturalar ve kira i\u00e7in s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 \u00f6deme kapasitesiyle birle\u015fti\u011finde g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin bor\u00e7 almas\u0131na ve daha fazla borca girmesine sebebiyet vermi\u015ftir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ge\u00e7ici ve uluslararas\u0131 koruma alt\u0131ndaki ki\u015filerin bor\u00e7 d\u00fczeyleri pandeminin ba\u015flamas\u0131ndan bu yana iki kat\u0131ndan fazla artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunun sonucunda aileler, g\u0131da gibi temel ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131ndan mahrum kalmakta ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n e\u011fitimi, ileti\u015fimi ve sa\u011fl\u0131kla ilgili bak\u0131m\u0131 gibi di\u011fer \u00f6nemli harcamalar\u0131ndan \u00f6d\u00fcn vermektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nakit yard\u0131m, bir\u00e7ok ki\u015finin daha fazla borca girmesini ve olumsuz ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kma mekanizmalar\u0131na ba\u015fvurmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmakta (yard\u0131m alan 2 ki\u015fiden 1\u2019i SUY\u2019un bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6netmelerine yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015ftir), ge\u00e7ici ve uluslararas\u0131 koruma alt\u0131ndaki ki\u015filerin artan insani ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131nda hayati olmaya devam etmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bununla birlikte nakit yard\u0131mlar, \u00f6zellikle savunmas\u0131z \u00e7o\u011funluk i\u00e7in kritik d\u00fczeyde \u00f6nemli olmaya devam ederken daha uzun vadeli \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlere ihtiya\u00e7 oldu\u011fu a\u015fik\u00e2rd\u0131r. G\u00f6\u00e7menlerin daha \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir mali g\u00fcvenlik sa\u011flayan ve yasalarla korunan haklara sahip i\u015flere ge\u00e7i\u015finin desteklenmesi temel ihtiya\u00e7 deste\u011fine olan ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. Elbette mevcut i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc piyasas\u0131 ko\u015fullar\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sosyal uyumun sa\u011flanmas\u0131 ve artan gerilimlerin \u00f6nlenmesi i\u00e7in bunun da T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n istihdam olanaklar\u0131n\u0131 olumsuz etkilemeden yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 2022 ve sonras\u0131nda \u00fcstesinden gelmemiz gereken \u00fc\u00e7 b\u00fcy\u00fck zorluk g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Birincisi, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u00e7e\u015fitlendirilmi\u015f ekonomisiyle ev sahibi bir \u00fclke olarak g\u00f6\u00e7menler i\u00e7in e\u015fsiz f\u0131rsatlar sundu\u011funa inan\u0131yoruz ancak T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki ge\u00e7im f\u0131rsatlar\u0131 ve sosyal uyum konusundaki mevcut yat\u0131r\u0131mlar yeterli d\u00fczeyde de\u011fildir. B\u00f6lgesel M\u00fclteci ve Dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k Plan\u0131<\/em> (3RP)<\/a>4<\/a><\/sup> \u00fcyelerinden, uluslararas\u0131 finans kurulu\u015flar\u0131ndan ve di\u011fer akt\u00f6rlerden gelen destekler, 2017-2021 aras\u0131nda toplamda yakla\u015f\u0131k 30.000 yeni i\u015f olana\u011f\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturulmas\u0131yla sonu\u00e7land\u0131 ki bu da \u00e7abalar\u0131n artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya koymaktad\u0131r.<\/a>5<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130kincisi, g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc piyasas\u0131na eri\u015fimini etkileyenleri azaltmak i\u00e7in yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalard\u0131r.<\/a>6<\/a><\/sup> Ge\u00e7ici Koruma Alt\u0131ndaki Yabanc\u0131lar\u0131n \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma \u0130zinlerine \u0130li\u015fkin Y\u00f6netmelik<\/em> (2016), onlara kay\u0131tl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hakk\u0131 veren \u00f6nemli bir hukuki geli\u015fmedir. Ancak Suriyeliler, kay\u0131tl\u0131 istihdam olanaklar\u0131na eri\u015fimde i\u015fverenlerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma izni ba\u015fvurular\u0131nda isteksizlik (maliyetteki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fe ra\u011fmen), istihdam edilen her Suriyeli i\u00e7in bir \u015firketin on T\u00fcrk \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektiren kota sistemi veya ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131 yerde i\u015f f\u0131rsatlar\u0131ndan yararlanmay\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131ran co\u011frafi k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar gibi engellerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmaya devam etti\u011fi i\u00e7in istenen sonucu vermemi\u015ftir.<\/a>7<\/a><\/sup> Son olarak insani yard\u0131m ve kalk\u0131nma yard\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in finansman ak\u0131\u015flar\u0131 aras\u0131nda daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sinerji olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine inan\u0131yoruz. Mevcut durum, uzun s\u00fcreli bir yerinden edilme durumu h\u00e2line geldi ki bu da insani yard\u0131m \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 (daha etkili olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in) uzun vadeli programlama \u00e7abalar\u0131yla b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015ftirmemiz gerekti\u011fi anlam\u0131na geliyor. Temel ihtiya\u00e7 yard\u0131m\u0131na alternatifler, s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc devam edecek ve ge\u00e7i\u015f yan\u0131lt\u0131c\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00fcrk K\u0131z\u0131lay ve IFRC d\u00e2hil insani akt\u00f6rler, yetkililer, ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar ve kalk\u0131nma ortaklar\u0131 (\u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r d\u00e2hil); m\u00fcdahaleleri aras\u0131nda daha iyi ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131n kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in s\u00fcrekli diyalog i\u00e7inde olmal\u0131d\u0131r. K\u0131z\u0131lay\u2019\u0131n \u015fu anda UNDP ile birlikte e\u015f ba\u015fkan\u0131 oldu\u011fu \u201c3RP Ge\u00e7i\u015f G\u00f6rev Ekibi\u201d buna \u00f6rnek verilebilir.<\/a>8<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n IFRC T\u00fcrkiye heyeti, yeni y\u0131la \u00f6zellikle \u015fu anda SUY\u2019dan yararlanan m\u00fclteciler olmak \u00fczere \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki m\u00fcltecilerin sosyoekonomik i\u00e7erme ve g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi\u201d sorununa odaklanm\u0131\u015f bir ruhla yakla\u015f\u0131yor. Bu de\u011fi\u015fim; s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir de\u011fi\u015fime inanan ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki en savunmas\u0131z insanlar\u0131n daha uzun vadeli kazan\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in k\u0131sa vadeli fedak\u00e2rl\u0131klar yapmaya haz\u0131r, cesur ve i\u015f birlik\u00e7i bir liderlik gerektirecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nihayetinde insani yard\u0131m ve kalk\u0131nma akt\u00f6rlerini, ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131, \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r\u00fc, T\u00fcrk makamlar\u0131n\u0131, akademiyi ve sivil toplumu bu \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc zorlu\u011fun ele al\u0131nmas\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunmaya davet ediyoruz: Sosyoekonomik g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmeye yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 artt\u0131rmak, istihdam\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcndeki engellerin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunmak, insani yard\u0131m ve kalk\u0131nma m\u00fcdahaleleri aras\u0131nda daha fazla sinerji yaratmak i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7leri birle\u015ftirmek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 1.<\/strong> https:\/\/www.ifrc.org\/document\/drowning-just-below-surface-socioeconomic-consequences-covid-19-pandemic 2<\/strong>. https:\/\/www.ifrc.org\/document\/socioeconomic-impacts-refugees-turkey-one-year-covid-19 3.<\/strong> https:\/\/reliefweb.int\/sites\/reliefweb.int\/files\/resources\/IVS-report-210616.pdf 4.<\/strong> B\u00f6lgesel M\u00fclteci ve Dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k Plan\u0131 (3RP): T\u00fcrkiye b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc. Suriye krizine yan\u0131t vermek i\u00e7in BM kurumlar\u0131 ve di\u011fer insani yard\u0131m ve kalk\u0131nma ortaklar\u0131 i\u00e7in stratejik, koordinasyon, planlama, savunuculuk, kaynak yaratma ve programlama platformudur. 5.<\/strong> Task Team on Referral and Transition to Livelihoods Opportunities (Y\u00f6nlendirme ve Ge\u00e7im Kaynaklar\u0131na Ge\u00e7i\u015f F\u0131rsatlar\u0131na \u0130li\u015fkin G\u00f6rev Ekibi), Aral\u0131k 2021, Taslak \u00c7\u0131kt\u0131 Belgesi 6.<\/strong> Bunlar \u00f6zellikle kad\u0131nlar\u0131n i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla ilgili yap\u0131sal sorunlar\u0131 ve daha esnek kriterler ve standartlar gerektiren i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc piyasas\u0131ndaki kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n itici g\u00fc\u00e7lerini i\u00e7ermektedir. 7.<\/strong> Ge\u00e7ici ve uluslararas\u0131 koruma alt\u0131ndaki ki\u015filerin G\u00f6\u00e7 \u0130daresi Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019na ve n\u00fcfusa kay\u0131tl\u0131 olduklar\u0131 ilde kalmalar\u0131 gerekmektedir. Ta\u015f\u0131nma ba\u015fvurular\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u0130stanbul dahil bir\u00e7ok ilde yeni kay\u0131tlar ask\u0131ya al\u0131nd\u0131. 8.<\/strong> K\u0131z\u0131lay, IFRC ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki m\u00fclteci m\u00fcdahalesinin di\u011fer kilit payda\u015flar\u0131 (BM Ajanslar\u0131, D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131, GIZ) aras\u0131nda teknik d\u00fczeyde de\u011fi\u015fimi kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in Y\u00f6nlendirme ve Ge\u00e7im Kaynaklar\u0131na Ge\u00e7i\u015f F\u0131rsatlar\u0131na \u0130li\u015fkin G\u00f6rev Ekibi kurdu. UNDP ve K\u0131z\u0131lay\u2019\u0131n e\u015f ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve IFRC\u2019nin teknik deste\u011fiyle g\u00f6rev yapan G\u00f6rev Ekibi, Aral\u0131k 2020\u2019den Ekim 2021\u2019e kadar birka\u00e7 kez bir araya geldi. Uluslararas\u0131 K\u0131z\u0131lha\u00e7 ve K\u0131z\u0131lay Dernekleri Federasyonu (IFRC), d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda 13,7 milyon g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn katk\u0131lar\u0131 ve 192 ulusal dernek arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla 150 milyon ki\u015fiye ula\u015fan d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck insani yard\u0131m a\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Afetlerin ve sa\u011fl\u0131kla ilgili acil durumlar\u0131n \u00f6ncesinde, s\u0131ras\u0131nda ve sonras\u0131nda ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak ve savunmas\u0131z insanlar\u0131n ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in hep birlikte hareket ediyoruz. IFRC; T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de g\u00f6\u00e7menler ve yerel…<\/p>\n
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