{"id":2761,"date":"2023-07-12T15:03:09","date_gmt":"2023-07-12T12:03:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yillik.kizilayakademi.org.tr\/?p=2761"},"modified":"2024-05-15T12:54:19","modified_gmt":"2024-05-15T09:54:19","slug":"2022de-unhcr-turkiye","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kizilayakademi.org.tr\/yillik\/2022de-unhcr-turkiye\/","title":{"rendered":"2022\u2019de UNHCR T\u00fcrkiye"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Yeni fakt\u00f6rler geleneksel etmenlerle kesi\u015ftik\u00e7e yerinden edilme giderek daha karma\u015f\u0131k h\u00e2le gelmektedir. UNHCR\u2019nin 27 Ekim 2022\u2019de yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Y\u0131l Ortas\u0131 E\u011filimleri Raporu<\/em>\u2019na g\u00f6re artan \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi, pandemiler, enerji ve g\u0131da krizleriyle 2022\u2019nin ilk yar\u0131s\u0131nda d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda zorla yerinden edilmi\u015f ki\u015filerin say\u0131s\u0131 32,5 milyonu m\u00fclteci olmak \u00fczere 103 milyona y\u00fckseldi. Ukrayna\u2019daki uluslararas\u0131 silahl\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma onlarca y\u0131ld\u0131r tan\u0131k olunan en h\u0131zl\u0131 ve en b\u00fcy\u00fck yerinden edilmeye neden oldu. \u015eu anda d\u00fcnyadaki her 77 ki\u015fiden birinin zorla yerinden edilmesi korkun\u00e7 bir ger\u00e7e\u011fi yans\u0131tmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pandeminin kal\u0131c\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olanaklar\u0131 \u00fczerindeki etkisi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azald\u0131. 2022\u2019nin ilk alt\u0131 ay\u0131nda m\u00fcltecilerin g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fleri ve \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u00fclkeye yerle\u015ftirmeleri ge\u00e7en y\u0131l\u0131n ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemine g\u00f6re artt\u0131. Bununla birlikte d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131ndaki yeni yerinden edilmelerin hacmi g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7ok az insan bu \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlere ula\u015fabilir durumda bulunmaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Suriye\u2019deki \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma 13. y\u0131l\u0131na girerken aralar\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin de bulundu\u011fu Suriye\u2019ye kom\u015fu \u00fclkeler on y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n s\u00fcredir Suriyelilere ev sahipli\u011fi yapmaktad\u0131r. 2021\u2019de Afganistan\u2019daki durum evrildik\u00e7e T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki Afganlar uluslararas\u0131 koruma talep etmek i\u00e7in yetkililere giderek daha fazla ba\u015fvuruda bulunuyordu. Bu krizler ve uzun s\u00fcreli say\u0131s\u0131z durum da d\u00e2hil pek \u00e7ok kriz, yaln\u0131zca medyan\u0131n ilgisini kaybetmekle kalm\u0131yor ayn\u0131 zamanda uluslararas\u0131 toplumun \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 \u00f6nleme ve kal\u0131c\u0131 bir \u015fekilde sona erdirme konusundaki keskin kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n olmamas\u0131 nedeniyle g\u00f6rmezden geliniyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ukrayna\u2019daki \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma, 2022\u2019nin ba\u015flar\u0131nda Ukraynal\u0131lar\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye gelmesine yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 2014\u2019ten bu yana T\u00fcrkiye, 3,6 milyonu ge\u00e7ici koruma alt\u0131ndaki Suriyeliler olmak \u00fczere yakla\u015f\u0131k 4 milyon m\u00fclteci ve s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131yla d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck m\u00fclteci n\u00fcfusuna ev sahipli\u011fi yapmaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin g\u00fcneyinde G\u00f6\u00e7 \u0130daresi Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan koordine edilen 7 ge\u00e7ici bar\u0131nma merkezinde ya\u015fayan yakla\u015f\u0131k 50 bin Suriyeli (toplam n\u00fcfuslar\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k %1,3\u2019\u00fc) bulunmakta, Suriyelilerin %98,6\u2019dan fazlas\u0131 ise \u00fclke genelinde 81 ilde ya\u015famaktad\u0131r. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 3 bin Ukraynal\u0131 da Elaz\u0131\u011f\u2019daki ge\u00e7ici bar\u0131nma merkezinde bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrk Devleti, ba\u015fta Yabanc\u0131lar ve Uluslararas\u0131 Koruma Kanunu (2013)<\/em> ve Ge\u00e7ici Koruma Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi (2014)<\/em> olmak \u00fczere kapsaml\u0131 bir yasal \u00e7er\u00e7eveye dayanarak T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki m\u00fclteci m\u00fcdahalesine \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etmektedir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler kurulu\u015flar\u0131, UNHCR ve UNDP\u2019nin e\u015f ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen B\u00f6lgesel M\u00fclteci ve Dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k Plan\u0131 (3RP) ile BM S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir Kalk\u0131nma \u0130\u015f Birli\u011fi \u00c7er\u00e7evesi (UNSDCF) \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131nda insani yard\u0131m ve kalk\u0131nma ortaklar\u0131n\u0131n koordinasyonuna yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmaktad\u0131r. UNHCR, M\u00fcltecilere \u0130li\u015fkin K\u00fcresel Mutabakat<\/em> do\u011frultusunda toplumun tamam\u0131n\u0131 kapsayan bir yakla\u015f\u0131mla korunma ihtiyac\u0131 i\u00e7indeki herkesin haklar\u0131n\u0131 savunarak devletin \u00e7abalar\u0131nda tamamlay\u0131c\u0131 rol \u00fcstlenmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de hem yasan\u0131n hem de \u015eubat 2018\u2019de kabul edilen Ulusal Uyum Stratejisi ve Ulusal Eylem Plan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ortaya koydu\u011fu uyum ilkesi do\u011frultusunda m\u00fcltecilerin ulusal sistem \u00fczerinden sunulan hizmetlere daha fazla d\u00e2hil edilmesine y\u00f6nelik \u00e7abalar devam ederken UNHCR m\u00fcltecilere, ev sahibi toplum \u00fcyelerine, ulusal kurumlara ve yerel y\u00f6netimlere fayda sa\u011flayan programlar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla m\u00fcltecileri desteklemek, ulusal sistemlerin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olmak, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlere eri\u015fimlerini ve sosyal uyumlar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak  i\u00e7in kapsaml\u0131 bir m\u00fcdahalede bulunmaya devam etmektedir. 2022 boyunca UNHCR s\u0131n\u0131r makamlar\u0131, avukatlar ve barolar da d\u00e2hil devlet kurumlar\u0131yla yak\u0131n i\u015f birli\u011fi i\u00e7inde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak, belediyeler ve \u00fcniversitelerle giderek daha fazla i\u015f birli\u011fi kurmak yoluyla koruma hizmetlerine eri\u015fimi g\u00fc\u00e7lendirerek faaliyetlerini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye 2020\u2019den bu yana m\u00fcltecilere ve g\u00f6\u00e7menlere a\u015f\u0131ya \u00fccretsiz eri\u015fim sa\u011flaman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra pandeminin sa\u011fl\u0131k ve di\u011fer etkileriyle m\u00fccadelede etkileyici bir m\u00fcdahalede bulmaktad\u0131r. Bununla birlikte COVID-19\u2019un s\u00fcregelen etkileri, \u00f6zellikle savunmas\u0131z gruplar ve bireyler i\u00e7in h\u00e2l\u00e2 zorlay\u0131c\u0131 seviyede olup onlar\u0131 pandeminin ekonomik etkilerinden en \u00e7ok etkilenen ve en yava\u015f eski durumlar\u0131na d\u00f6nenler aras\u0131na sokmaktad\u0131r. 9 A\u011fustos-19 Eyl\u00fcl 2022 \u200b\u200baras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen en son kurumlar aras\u0131 koruma ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmesi, bu dinamiklerin m\u00fcltecilerin ya\u015famlar\u0131 \u00fczerindeki genel olumsuz etkilerini g\u00f6stermektedir; m\u00fclteciler %80\u2019e varan oranla pandemi boyunca \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma durumlar\u0131nda olumsuz bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik bildirirken hanelerin %90\u2019\u0131 ayl\u0131k giderleri ve temel ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 tam olarak kar\u015f\u0131layamamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de kaydedilen \u00f6nemli geli\u015fmeye kar\u015f\u0131n \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclemeyen k\u00fcresel zorluklar, pek \u00e7ok m\u00fclteciyi ciddi risk alt\u0131na sokarak g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fckle kazan\u0131lan baz\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131 zay\u0131flatt\u0131. \u015eu an kapsay\u0131c\u0131 yasal \u00e7er\u00e7eveyi uygulamas\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi desteklemeye devam etmek her zamankinden b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. M\u00fcltecilere koruma sa\u011flamak, M\u00fcltecilere \u0130li\u015fkin K\u00fcresel Mutabakat<\/em> do\u011frultusunda ortak bir k\u00fcresel sorumluluktur ve \u00f6yle de olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Zor bir se\u00e7im yaparak her \u015feyi geride b\u0131rak\u0131p evlerini terk edenlerin korunmas\u0131n\u0131, onlara yard\u0131m edilmesini ve onlar\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesini sa\u011flamak ortak bir g\u00f6revdir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Yeni fakt\u00f6rler geleneksel etmenlerle kesi\u015ftik\u00e7e yerinden edilme giderek daha karma\u015f\u0131k h\u00e2le gelmektedir. UNHCR\u2019nin 27 Ekim 2022\u2019de yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Y\u0131l Ortas\u0131 E\u011filimleri Raporu\u2019na g\u00f6re artan \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi, pandemiler, enerji ve g\u0131da krizleriyle 2022\u2019nin ilk yar\u0131s\u0131nda d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda zorla yerinden edilmi\u015f ki\u015filerin say\u0131s\u0131 32,5 milyonu m\u00fclteci olmak \u00fczere 103 milyona y\u00fckseldi. Ukrayna\u2019daki uluslararas\u0131 silahl\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma onlarca y\u0131ld\u0131r…<\/p>\n

Devam\u0131 \u00bb<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2761","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kurumsal-degerlendirmeler","years-60","institution-unhcr"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kizilayakademi.org.tr\/yillik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2761","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kizilayakademi.org.tr\/yillik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kizilayakademi.org.tr\/yillik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kizilayakademi.org.tr\/yillik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kizilayakademi.org.tr\/yillik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2761"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kizilayakademi.org.tr\/yillik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2761\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kizilayakademi.org.tr\/yillik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2761"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kizilayakademi.org.tr\/yillik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2761"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kizilayakademi.org.tr\/yillik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2761"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}