{"id":2775,"date":"2023-07-12T15:34:14","date_gmt":"2023-07-12T12:34:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yillik.kizilayakademi.org.tr\/?p=2775"},"modified":"2024-05-15T12:52:37","modified_gmt":"2024-05-15T09:52:37","slug":"meteorolojik-afetler-ve-turkiye-geneli-meteorolojik-afet-degerlendirmesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kizilayakademi.org.tr\/yillik\/meteorolojik-afetler-ve-turkiye-geneli-meteorolojik-afet-degerlendirmesi\/","title":{"rendered":"Meteorolojik Afetler ve T\u00fcrkiye Geneli Meteorolojik Afet De\u011ferlendirmesi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

D\u00fcnyada s\u00fcregelen do\u011fa olaylar\u0131, insanlar\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etkiledi\u011finde \u201cdo\u011fa kaynakl\u0131 afet\u201d olarak nitelendirilmektedir. Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler taraf\u0131ndan do\u011fa kaynakl\u0131 afetler, \u201ctoplumun sosyoekonomik ve sosyok\u00fclt\u00fcrel faaliyetlerini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde aksatan, can ve mal kay\u0131plar\u0131na neden olan fakat yerel imk\u00e2nlarla ba\u015f edilemeyen do\u011fa olaylar\u0131\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do\u011fa kaynakl\u0131 afetler sonucunda can ve mal kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra milyonlarca insan yer de\u011fi\u015ftirmek zorunda kalmaktad\u0131r. Bunun \u00fclke ekonomilerine getirdi\u011fi zarar \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek miktarlara ula\u015fmaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do\u011fa kaynakl\u0131 afetlerin b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc meteorolojik afetler olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131, tar\u0131msal zararl\u0131lar\u0131n istilalar\u0131, kurakl\u0131k, \u00e7\u00f6lle\u015fme, g\u00f6l ve deniz suyu seviyesi y\u00fckselmeleri, \u00e7\u0131\u011f ve seller hava \u015fartlar\u0131yla \u00e7ok yak\u0131ndan ili\u015fkili olan do\u011fa kaynakl\u0131 afetlerdir. Ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar, \u015fiddetli yerel f\u0131rt\u0131nalar, tropikal f\u0131rt\u0131nalar, f\u0131rt\u0131na kabarmas\u0131, \u015fiddetli k\u0131\u015f \u015fartlar\u0131, k\u0131ra\u011f\u0131, don ise hava \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131n direkt olu\u015fturdu\u011fu afetlerdir. Meteorolojik \u015fartlarla do\u011frudan ve dolayl\u0131 olarak ili\u015fkili olan do\u011fa kaynakl\u0131 afetlerin t\u00fcm\u00fc, \u201cmeteorolojik afetler veya meteorolojik karakterli do\u011fa kaynakl\u0131 afetler\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Son y\u0131llarda d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bir\u00e7ok b\u00f6lgesinde \u015fiddet, etki, s\u00fcre ve olu\u015ftu\u011fu yer bak\u0131m\u0131ndan e\u015fi ve benzeri olmayan \u00e7ok say\u0131da hava olay\u0131 meydana gelmektedir. Bu olaylar, d\u00fcnya \u00fczerindeki canl\u0131 ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 ve toplumlar\u0131n sosyoekonomik geli\u015fimini de tehdit etmektedir. D\u00fcnya Meteoroloji \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn (WMO) 2021\u2019de yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 WMO Atlas of Mortality and Economic Losses From Weather, Climate and Water Extremes<\/em> raporunda d\u00fcnya genelinde 1970-2019 aras\u0131nda hava, iklim ve su kaynakl\u0131 11.072 do\u011fa kaynakl\u0131 afetin meydana geldi\u011fi ve bu afetler sonucunda 2.064.929 can kayb\u0131yla yakla\u015f\u0131k 3,6 trilyon ABD dolar\u0131 ekonomik zarar olu\u015ftu\u011fu vurgulanmaktad\u0131r.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Acil Durumlar Veri Taban\u0131 (EM-DAT) kay\u0131tlar\u0131na g\u00f6re bu d\u00f6nem i\u00e7inde kaydedilmi\u015f t\u00fcm afetlerin (teknolojik afetler d\u00e2hil) %50\u2019sini, can kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131n %45\u2019ini ve ekonomik kay\u0131plar\u0131n %74\u2019\u00fcn\u00fc hava, iklim ve su kaynakl\u0131 \u015fiddetli hava olaylar\u0131n\u0131n neden oldu\u011fu meteorolojik afetler olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00fcnya Geneli 1970-2019 Meteorolojik Afetler ve Etkileri<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u015eekil 1. 1970-2019 Meteorolojik Afet Say\u0131lar\u0131 ve Kay\u0131plar<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye Geneli Meteorolojik Afet De\u011ferlendirmesi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye, tropikal f\u0131rt\u0131nalar ve aktif volkanlar hari\u00e7 d\u00fcnya genelinde g\u00f6r\u00fclen do\u011fa kaynakl\u0131 afetlerin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u00fclkedir. B\u00fcy\u00fck bir co\u011frafya ve farkl\u0131 iklim b\u00f6lgelerine sahip T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de ba\u015fta kurakl\u0131k ve seller olmak \u00fczere meteorolojik ve hidrolojik afetler olduk\u00e7a s\u0131k meydana gelmekte ve ciddi can ve mal kay\u0131plar\u0131na yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u015eekil 2. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 1 Ocak-30 Kas\u0131m 2022 Aras\u0131 Meydana Gelen Meteorolojik Afetler Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 1 Ocak-30 Kas\u0131m 2022 aras\u0131nda meteorolojik afetler en fazla Antalya\u2019da ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Bu d\u00f6nem i\u00e7inde yurdumuzda Ege B\u00f6lgesi, \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi, Marmara B\u00f6lgesi ve Karadeniz B\u00f6lgesi\u2019nde meteorolojik afetler daha fazla meydana gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u015eekil 3. 1940-30 Kas\u0131m 2022 Aras\u0131 Meteorolojik Afetler Uzun Y\u0131llar Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1940-30 Kas\u0131m 2022 aras\u0131 uzun y\u0131llar da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131nda meteorolojik afet say\u0131lar\u0131nda son y\u0131llarda ciddi art\u0131\u015f s\u00f6z konusudur. 1 Ocak-30 Kas\u0131m 2022 d\u00f6neminde 1.004 meteorolojik afet ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

1 Ocak-30 Kas\u0131m 2022 d\u00f6neminde en fazla g\u00f6r\u00fclen meteorolojik afet \u015fiddetli ya\u011f\u0131\u015f ve seldir. \u015eiddetli ya\u011f\u0131\u015f ve selin t\u00fcm meteorolojik afetler i\u00e7indeki pay\u0131 %33,6\u2019d\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nem i\u00e7inde yine f\u0131rt\u0131na %20,9, dolu %19, kar %12,1 oran\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u015eekil 4. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 1 Ocak-30 Kas\u0131m 2022 Aras\u0131 Meydana Gelen Meteorolojik Afetler Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 (%)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Meteorolojik Afetlerin De\u011ferlendirilmesi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de y\u0131l i\u00e7inde en fazla meydana gelen \u015fiddetli ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\/ sel, f\u0131rt\u0131na, dolu, kar ve y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m hadiselerinin \u00fclke genelinde il bazl\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmeleri yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u015eiddetli Ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\/ Sel<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u015eekil 5. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 1 Ocak-30 Kas\u0131m 2022 Aras\u0131 Meydana Gelen \u015eiddetli Ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\/ Sel Afeti Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1 Ocak-30 Kas\u0131m 2022 aras\u0131nda \u015fiddetli ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\/ sel afetinin en fazla g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc iller Manisa, K\u00fctahya ve Nev\u015fehir\u2019dir. Bu illeri Antalya, Afyonkarahisar, \u00c7orum, Kastamonu, Bursa ve Bilecik takip etmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

F\u0131rt\u0131na<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u015eekil 6. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 1 Ocak-30 Kas\u0131m 2022 Aras\u0131 Meydana Gelen F\u0131rt\u0131na Afeti Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1 Ocak-30 Kas\u0131m 2022 aras\u0131nda f\u0131rt\u0131na afetinin en fazla g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc iller Kayseri, Antalya, \u0130zmir ve Manisa\u2019d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dolu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u015eekil 7. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 1 Ocak-30 Kas\u0131m 2022 Aras\u0131 Meydana Gelen Dolu Afeti Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1 Ocak-30 Kas\u0131m 2022 aras\u0131nda \u00fclkemizde g\u00f6r\u00fclen dolu afeti s\u0131ralamas\u0131nda Antalya, Manisa ve Kastamonu ilk s\u0131ralarda yer almaktad\u0131r. Bu illeri s\u0131ras\u0131yla Mersin, Nev\u015fehir, Afyonkarahisar, Bursa ve \u00c7anakkale izlemektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kar<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u015eekil 8. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 1 Ocak-30 Kas\u0131m 2022 Aras\u0131 Meydana Gelen Kar Afeti Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1 Ocak-30 Kas\u0131m 2022 aras\u0131nda kar afeti en fazla Bitlis ve Van\u2019da g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu illeri s\u0131ras\u0131yla Konya ve Nev\u015fehir takip etmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u015eekil 9. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 1 Ocak-30 Kas\u0131m 2022 Aras\u0131 Meydana Gelen Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m Afeti Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1 Ocak-30 Kas\u0131m 2022 aras\u0131nda y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m afeti en fazla Van, Sivas, Bal\u0131kesir ve Manisa\u2019da g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sonu\u00e7 ve De\u011ferlendirme<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Meteorolojik kaynakl\u0131 afetler insanl\u0131k tarihi boyunca her zaman olmu\u015ftur ve olmaya devam edecektir. Bu t\u00fcr afetlerin neden oldu\u011fu insani ve maddi kay\u0131plar, s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir kalk\u0131nman\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcndeki en b\u00fcy\u00fck engeldir. Meteorolojik afetleri, deprem ve volkan patlamas\u0131 gibi di\u011fer do\u011fa kaynakl\u0131 afetlerden ay\u0131ran en \u00f6nemli \u00f6zellik, meteorolojik afetlere sebep olabilecek do\u011fa olaylar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nceden tahmin edilebilir olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Do\u011fru tahmin ve uyar\u0131lar\u0131n kolayca anla\u015f\u0131labilecek bir formatta yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131 hayati \u00f6nem arz etmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Meteoroloji Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, afet riski azaltma faaliyetleri kapsam\u0131nda di\u011fer uluslararas\u0131, b\u00f6lgesel ve ulusal kurulu\u015flarla entegre ve koordineli bir \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 devam ettirmektedir. Meteorolojik hadiselerin sebep oldu\u011fu olumsuz etkilerin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131, zarar ve kay\u0131plar\u0131n en aza indirilmesi, vatanda\u015flar\u0131n ve ilgililerin gerekli tedbirleri almas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik bilgilerin kamuoyuna duyurulmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla meteorolojik uyar\u0131lar haz\u0131rlanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vatanda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z ve yetkililerle payla\u015f\u0131lan meteorolojik uyar\u0131lar, \u201cmeteoUYARI\u201d sistemine uyarlanm\u0131\u015f ve 9 \u015eubat 2019\u2019dan itibaren vatanda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z ve yetkililerin hizmete sunulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

1. <\/strong>Kad\u0131o\u011flu, M. (2012). T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Risk Y\u00f6netimi. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi II. Ulusal Bildiriminin Haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 Projesi Yay\u0131n\u0131<\/em>. Ankara <\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. <\/strong>Kad\u0131o\u011flu, M. (2007). \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fiklikleri ve Etkileri: Meteorolojik Afetler. TMMOB \u0130n\u015faat M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131 Sel-Heyelan-\u00c7\u0131\u011f Sempozyumu Bildiriler Kitab\u0131<\/em>, s. 47-56; Ceylan, A., K\u00f6m\u00fc\u015f\u00e7\u00fc, A.\u00dc. (2007). Meteorolojik Karakterli Do\u011fal Afetlerin Uzun Y\u0131llar ve Mevsimsel Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Kongresi Bildiri Kitab\u0131<\/em>, 93-104. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. <\/strong>WMO. (2021). WMO Atlas Of Mortali\u0131ty And Economic Losses From Weather, Climate And Water Extremes (1970\u20132019)<\/em>. WMO-No. 1267. World Meteorological Organization. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. <\/strong>CRED ve UNDRR. (2020). Human Cost Of Disasters; An Overview Of The Last 20 Years (2000-2019). <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. <\/strong>Kad\u0131o\u011flu, M. (2012). T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Risk Y\u00f6netimi. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi II. Ulusal Bildiriminin Haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 Projesi Yay\u0131n\u0131<\/em>. Ankara.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

D\u00fcnyada s\u00fcregelen do\u011fa olaylar\u0131, insanlar\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etkiledi\u011finde \u201cdo\u011fa kaynakl\u0131 afet\u201d olarak nitelendirilmektedir. Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler taraf\u0131ndan do\u011fa kaynakl\u0131 afetler, \u201ctoplumun sosyoekonomik ve sosyok\u00fclt\u00fcrel faaliyetlerini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde aksatan, can ve mal kay\u0131plar\u0131na neden olan fakat yerel imk\u00e2nlarla ba\u015f edilemeyen do\u011fa olaylar\u0131\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.   Do\u011fa kaynakl\u0131 afetler sonucunda can ve mal kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra milyonlarca…<\/p>\n

Devam\u0131 \u00bb<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2775","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kurumsal-degerlendirmeler","years-60","institution-meteoroloji-genel-mudurlugu"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kizilayakademi.org.tr\/yillik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2775","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kizilayakademi.org.tr\/yillik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kizilayakademi.org.tr\/yillik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kizilayakademi.org.tr\/yillik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kizilayakademi.org.tr\/yillik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2775"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kizilayakademi.org.tr\/yillik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2775\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kizilayakademi.org.tr\/yillik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2775"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kizilayakademi.org.tr\/yillik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2775"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kizilayakademi.org.tr\/yillik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2775"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}