\u201cG\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fck\u201d olgusunun san\u0131r\u0131m en g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr oldu\u011fu, herkesin g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olmak i\u00e7in heves etti\u011fi d\u00f6nem afetlerden hemen sonraki zaman aral\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nemlerde afet b\u00f6lgesindeki topluluklar ciddi anlamda deste\u011fe ve yard\u0131ma ihtiya\u00e7 duyar; bununla beraber g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcler de afetlerden etkilenen b\u00f6lgelerin yeniden in\u015fa edilmesinde, afetlerin etkilerinin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131nda kendilerinde \u00f6nemli bir rol ve sorumluluk hissederler. Afet sonras\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7lerde g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcler daha \u00e7ok g\u0131da ve malzeme da\u011f\u0131tma, enkaz kald\u0131rma ve temizleme, afetten etkilenenlere duygusal destek sa\u011flama, t\u0131bbi operasyonlara ve kurtarma eylemlerine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olma gibi temel hizmetler sunarlar. Elbette afet sonras\u0131 d\u00f6nemde g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fck, topluluklar\u0131n aya\u011fa kalkmas\u0131 ve rehabilitasyonu i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Bu d\u00f6nemde dayan\u0131\u015fma duygusu artar ve topluluk ruhu \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kar, bu da g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fc\u011fe y\u00f6nelik tutumlarda ve g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc say\u0131s\u0131nda bir art\u0131\u015fa yol a\u00e7ar. Bu olgu \u00e7e\u015fitli fakt\u00f6rlere ba\u011flanabilir. \u0130lk olarak, bir afetin hemen sonras\u0131, aciliyet duygusu ve acil yard\u0131m ihtiyac\u0131 yarat\u0131r. \u0130nsanlar felaketin yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 ani etkiyi ve y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131 g\u00f6rerek harekete ge\u00e7meye ve ellerinden gelen her t\u00fcrl\u00fc yard\u0131m\u0131 yapmaya motive olurlar. \u0130kinci olarak, afetlerin medyada yer almas\u0131 genellikle g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fclere duyulan ihtiyac\u0131 vurgulamakta ve bireyleri zamanlar\u0131yla ve becerileriyle katk\u0131da bulunmaya te\u015fvik etmektedir. Son olarak, afet sonras\u0131 d\u00f6nem insanlar\u0131n dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve merhametini ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in insanlar\u0131n en iyi y\u00f6nlerini de ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r. Zorluklar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda bireyler birbirlerine destek olmak ve moral vermek i\u00e7in bir araya gelirler. Bu, etkilenen topluluklara umut ve istikrar getirmek i\u00e7in \u00f6zveriyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fclerin hik\u00e2yelerinde g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Afet sonras\u0131 g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn topluluklar\u0131n rehabilitasyonu i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli oldu\u011fu ilgili literat\u00fcrle de desteklenmektedir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcler daha \u00e7ok afete m\u00fcdahale ve iyile\u015ftirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda \u00f6nemli roller oynamaktad\u0131rlar. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar afete yard\u0131m faaliyetlerinde resm\u00ee m\u00fcdahale \u00e7abalar\u0131ndaki bo\u015fluklar\u0131 g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fclerin doldurdu\u011funu ve hemen sonras\u0131nda uzun vadeli toparlanma s\u00fcrecinde destek sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Bununla birlikte bir\u00e7ok g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcn\u00fcn afet g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc hakk\u0131nda \u00f6nceden bilgisi olmayabilece\u011fini ve g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olma f\u0131rsat\u0131n\u0131 tesad\u00fcfen bulmu\u015f olabilece\u011fini unutmamak \u00f6nemlidir. Bu durum, potansiyel g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fclerin ilgisini \u00e7ekmek i\u00e7in proaktif sosyal yard\u0131ma ve e\u011fitime duyulan ihtiyac\u0131 vurgulamaktad\u0131r. \u0130lgili literat\u00fcr ayn\u0131 zamanda g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fclerinin \u00f6zellikle risk ileti\u015fimi ve erken uyar\u0131y\u0131 yayma konular\u0131nda afet y\u00f6netimi kapasitesini artt\u0131rma potansiyelini vurgulamaktad\u0131r. Bu da afete maruziyeti y\u00fcksek b\u00f6lgelerde eri\u015fim ve deste\u011fi en \u00fcst d\u00fczeye \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fckten bir sosyal sermaye bi\u00e7imi olarak yararlanman\u0131n \u00f6neminin alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izmektedir. Ayr\u0131ca, afet m\u00fcdahalesinde g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fclerin yeri, sa\u011fl\u0131k alan\u0131 da d\u00e2hil \u00e7e\u015fitli ba\u011flamlarda incelenmi\u015ftir. \u00d6rne\u011fin hem\u015firelik \u00f6\u011frencileri g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc yard\u0131m faaliyetlerinde de\u011ferli kaynaklar olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f ve bir afet sonras\u0131nda uzman g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc g\u00f6revini yerine getirmek i\u00e7in gerekli bilgi ve becerileri getirmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc psikiyatristler, afetlerden k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra hayatta kalanlara ruh sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fcdahaleleri ve deste\u011fi sa\u011flamada etkili olmu\u015f ve etkilenen n\u00fcfusun \u00e7ok boyutlu ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131nda g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fclerin verebilece\u011fi \u00e7e\u015fitli desteklerin alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izmi\u015ftir. Bununla birlikte afetlerde g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fckle ili\u015fkili potansiyel zorluklar\u0131 kabul etmek \u00f6nemlidir. G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcler de\u011ferli varl\u0131klar olsalar da afet b\u00f6lgelerine gelen ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131z veya \u201cspontane\u201d g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcler m\u00fcdahale \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131 istemeden engelleyebilir. Bu nedenle afet m\u00fcdahale \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na etkili bir \u015fekilde uyum sa\u011flamalar\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fclerin rollerini, sorumluluklar\u0131n\u0131 ve e\u011fitimlerini net bir \u015fekilde belirlemek \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Sonu\u00e7 olarak afetlerde ve sonras\u0131nda g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fck afet y\u00f6netiminin kritik bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Proaktif sosyal yard\u0131m, e\u011fitim ve net g\u00f6rev tan\u0131mlar\u0131 yoluyla g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fclerin kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak ve onlar\u0131 desteklemek, afetlere m\u00fcdahaleye ve uzun vadeli iyile\u015ftirme \u00e7abalar\u0131na katk\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 en \u00fcst d\u00fczeye \u00e7\u0131karabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bir afetin ard\u0131ndan, yard\u0131m ve deste\u011fe duyulan ihtiya\u00e7 genellikle artar. G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcler temel kaynaklar, yenilikler sa\u011flar ve toplulu\u011fun toparlanmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcler; arama ve kurtarma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak, t\u0131bbi yard\u0131m sa\u011flamak, malzeme da\u011f\u0131tmak, afetten etkilenen bireylere duygusal destek sunmak ve yeniden in\u015fa \u00e7abalar\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak noktas\u0131nda zamanlar\u0131na, becerilerine ve enerjilerine dayan\u0131rlar. G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcler, bazen de h\u00fbk\u00fcmetin m\u00fcdahale \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131 yava\u015flatabilen b\u00fcrokratik k\u0131s\u0131tlamalara sahip olmad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde yan\u0131t verebilir ve an\u0131nda yard\u0131m sa\u011flayabilir. Esneklikleri ve de\u011fi\u015fen durumlara uyum sa\u011flama becerileri de onlar\u0131 kriz d\u00f6nemlerinde de\u011ferli varl\u0131klar h\u00e2line getiren di\u011fer bir unsurdur. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Afet durumlar\u0131nda g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fck zarar azaltma, haz\u0131rl\u0131k veya iyile\u015ftirme a\u015famalar\u0131ndan ziyade m\u00fcdahale a\u015famas\u0131na odaklanma e\u011filimindedir.Ancak g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fck sadece m\u00fcdahale a\u015famas\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Zarar azalt\u0131m\u0131, haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve iyile\u015ftirme de d\u00e2hil afet y\u00f6netiminin t\u00fcm a\u015famalar\u0131nda g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fclerin potansiyelinin fark\u0131na varmak \u00f6nemlidir. G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcleri bu erken a\u015famalar\u0131n i\u00e7ine alarak topluluklar onlar\u0131n benzersiz bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131ndan, becerilerinden ve katk\u0131lar\u0131ndan faydalanabilir. Afet y\u00f6netiminin zarar azalt\u0131m\u0131 noktas\u0131nda g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fck, afet riskleri hakk\u0131nda fark\u0131ndal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve e\u011fitimi te\u015fvik etmek, zarar g\u00f6rebilirlikleri belirlemek i\u00e7in topluluk de\u011ferlendirmeleri yapmak ve bu riskleri azaltmak i\u00e7in daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc altyap\u0131 in\u015fa etmek veya erken uyar\u0131 sistemleri kurmak gibi \u00f6nlemleri uygulamak gibi faaliyetleri i\u00e7erebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Haz\u0131rl\u0131k a\u015famas\u0131nda g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcler acil durum planlar\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesine ve uygulanmas\u0131na, tatbikat ve sim\u00fclasyonlar\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesine ve \u00f6nemli bilgilerin topluma yay\u0131lmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilirler. \u0130yile\u015fme a\u015famas\u0131nda g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcler, temizlik ve yeniden in\u015fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olarak, duygusal destek sa\u011flayarak ve kritik hizmetlerle altyap\u0131n\u0131n restorasyonuna yard\u0131mc\u0131 olarak etkilenen bireyleri ve topluluklar\u0131 desteklemede \u00f6nemli bir rol oynayabilir. Ayr\u0131ca afet y\u00f6netiminde g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn yaln\u0131zca etkilenen topluluklar \u00fczerinde de\u011fil g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fclerin kendileri \u00fczerinde de olumlu etkileri olabilir. G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcler, afet y\u00f6netimine kat\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131 sayesinde ki\u015fisel ve mesleki geli\u015fimlerini artt\u0131rabilecek de\u011ferli beceriler ve deneyimler kazan\u0131rlar. Bundan ba\u015fka genellikle ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n hayatlar\u0131nda bir fark yaratman\u0131n verdi\u011fi tatmin ve memnuniyet duygusunu geli\u015ftirirler. G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fclerin katk\u0131lar\u0131, insanlar ihtiya\u00e7 duyduklar\u0131 zamanlarda birbirlerine destek olmak i\u00e7in bir araya geldiklerinden topluluklar i\u00e7inde birlik ve dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k duygusunu da te\u015fvik edebilir. Bu nedenle afet y\u00f6netiminin t\u00fcm a\u015famalar\u0131nda g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn potansiyelini tan\u0131mak ve kullanmak \u00e7ok m\u00fchimdir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc afetlere m\u00fcdahale ve afetlerin etkilerinden kurtulma konusunda toplumun direncini, etkinli\u011fini b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde artt\u0131rabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sonu\u00e7 olarak g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fck; afetlerde zarar azaltma, afetlere haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve m\u00fcdahaleyle afet sonras\u0131 iyile\u015ftirme de d\u00e2hil afet y\u00f6netiminin t\u00fcm a\u015famalar\u0131nda hayatidir. G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fclere afet y\u00f6netiminin her kademesinde g\u00f6rev vererek topluluklar\u0131n onlardan farkl\u0131 hususlarda faydalanmas\u0131 sa\u011flanabilir, topluluklar i\u00e7inde birlik ve diren\u00e7lilik duygusunu canland\u0131rabilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
2023 Depremleri Sonras\u0131 G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fck: Toplumsal Dayan\u0131\u015fma ve Yeniden \u0130n\u015fa \u00c7abalar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 en y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 do\u011fa kaynakl\u0131 afetin deprem oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne kimse itiraz etmeyecektir. Deprem B\u00f6lgeleri Haritas\u0131\u2019na g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin %92\u2019 si fay hatt\u0131ndad\u0131r. Su bask\u0131n\u0131, sel, \u00e7\u0131\u011f, heyelan, yang\u0131n gibi afetler ya\u015fansa da maalesef en y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 olan\u0131 depremdir. Aktif deprem ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinde bulundu\u011fundan dolay\u0131 gelecekte de depremler ya\u015fanacakt\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ortalama her y\u0131l b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 5 ila 6 aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen en az bir deprem meydana gelmektedir. Depremler can kayb\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck ekonomik hasara da neden olmaktad\u0131r. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n geri kalan\u0131yla k\u0131yasland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda deprem kaynakl\u0131 can kayb\u0131n\u0131n en \u00e7ok g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u00fclkeyiz. Deprem kaynakl\u0131 zararlar\u0131 en aza indirmek i\u00e7in afet y\u00f6netimi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bununla birlikte \u00fclke olarak yukar\u0131da aktar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere destekleri olduk\u00e7a k\u0131ymetli olan ve pek \u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma da etkileri g\u00f6sterilen g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fclerin afet y\u00f6netiminin b\u00fct\u00fcn s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine dahli konusunda yeterli bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 y\u00f6netimi g\u00f6sterdi\u011fimiz s\u00f6ylenemez. <\/p>\n\n\n\n 2023 y\u0131l\u0131 g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fck \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, \u015eubat ay\u0131nda Kahramanmara\u015f ve Hatay\u2019da ya\u015fanan y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 depremler ve uzun s\u00fcreli etkileri sebebiyle \u201cafet sonras\u0131 g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fck\u201de y\u00f6nelmi\u015ftir. 6 \u015eubat\u2019ta Kahramanmara\u015f merkezli 7.7 ve 7.6 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki depremler sonras\u0131 afet s\u00fcrecinin par\u00e7as\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn ulusal kamu kurumlar\u0131, uluslararas\u0131 kurumlar, sivil toplum kurulu\u015flar\u0131 afet sahas\u0131na ko\u015fmu\u015ftur. Buna ra\u011fmen \u201cAsr\u0131n Felaketi\u201d olarak nitelendirilen bu depremlerin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bir noktada kamusal imk\u00e2nlar\u0131 ve \u00e7abalar\u0131 yetersiz b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015f, topyek\u00fbn bir seferberli\u011fi gerekli k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu topyek\u00fbn seferberli\u011fi yerine getirmenin en \u00f6nemli kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ise kurumsal ve kurumsal olmayan (spontane) g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcler olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur. Deprem b\u00f6lgelerinde g\u00f6rev yapan AFAD g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 35.409 oldu\u011fu, depremden hemen sonra yine AFAD\u2019\u0131n 624 bin olan g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 1 milyon 390 bine ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 da bilinmektedir. Deprem sonras\u0131 b\u00f6lgede herhangi bir g\u00f6revde g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya d\u00f6n\u00fck talep patlamas\u0131 ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda daha \u00e7ok kamuda g\u00f6revli personel olsa da toplumun her kesiminden vatanda\u015f arama kurtarma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda yer almak istemi\u015ftir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda 90 \u00fclkeden gelen uluslararas\u0131 arama kurtarma personel say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n da 11 binin \u00fczerinde oldu\u011fu bilinmektedir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Depremin etkiledi\u011fi b\u00f6lgelerde g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcler, ge\u00e7ici bar\u0131nma alanlar\u0131 kurma, temel ihtiya\u00e7 malzemelerini da\u011f\u0131tma ve ma\u011fdur ailelere destek sa\u011flama konusunda yo\u011fun \u00e7aba sarf etmi\u015ftir. G\u0131da, su, giyim gibi temel ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131, g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fclerin \u00f6zverili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmu\u015ftur. Depremzedeler i\u00e7in toplanan yard\u0131mlar g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcler taraf\u0131ndan tasnif edilip, paketlenip t\u0131rlarla deprem b\u00f6lgelerine ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6yle ki vatanda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z evlerini depremzedelerle payla\u015fmaya g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olmu\u015flard\u0131r. \u201cEvim Yuvam Olsun\u201d kampanyas\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda hay\u0131rseverler depremzedeler kal\u0131c\u0131 konutlara eri\u015fene kadar onlar\u0131n bar\u0131nma ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131na destek olmu\u015flard\u0131r. Toplamda 1.327.915 depremzede farkl\u0131 evlerde misafir edilmi\u015ftir. Depremin yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 travma ve stresle ba\u015f etmekte yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak amac\u0131yla g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcler, psikososyal destek sa\u011flama konusunda etkin bir rol de \u00fcstlendiler. \u00d6rne\u011fin s\u0131navlara haz\u0131rlanan \u00f6\u011frenciler i\u00e7in g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc mentorluk hizmeti sa\u011flamaktan deprem sonras\u0131 olu\u015fan enkaz ve zarar\u0131n temizlenmesi, \u00e7evre d\u00fczenlemesi ve yeniden in\u015fa s\u00fcrecine kadar g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fck faaliyetleri geni\u015flemi\u015ftir. T\u00fcrkiye \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Sekt\u00f6r Vakf\u0131 (T\u00dcSEV) bu s\u00fcrece destek olmak ve sivil toplum kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 desteklemek maksad\u0131yla deprem g\u00f6zlem notlar\u0131 payla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Gerek AFAD gerekse de T\u00fcrk K\u0131z\u0131lay g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fck sistemlerini geli\u015ftirerek g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcleri afet s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine d\u00e2hil etmek konusunda dijital imk\u00e2nlar\u0131 geni\u015fletmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00fcrk K\u0131z\u0131lay G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc Y\u00f6netimi b\u00fcnyesinde hayata ge\u00e7irilen \u201cDijital G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fck\u201d projesi temmuz ay\u0131nda ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Psikoloji, e\u011fitim ve ileti\u015fim alanlar\u0131nda yetkin ve nitelikli ki\u015filerin bilgi, birikim ve tecr\u00fcbelerini aktarmas\u0131 \u00fczerine kurgulanan proje, ilk olarak psikoloji alan\u0131yla ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Alan\u0131nda deneyimli g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc psikologlar, deprem b\u00f6lgesindeki afetzedelere \u00fccretsiz ve g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i terapi destekleri sunmu\u015ftur. Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler Kalk\u0131nma Program\u0131 [United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)] da Mart ay\u0131nda bir katalog yay\u0131nlayarak 2023 \u201cDepremleri Sonras\u0131 \u0130yile\u015ftirme ve Yeniden Yap\u0131land\u0131rma Proje\u201d \u00f6nerilerini sunmu\u015ftur. <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c5 Aral\u0131k D\u00fcnya G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcler G\u00fcn\u00fc\u201d kapsam\u0131nda yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar da deprem olgusu etraf\u0131nda \u015fekillenmi\u015ftir. T\u00fcrk K\u0131z\u0131lay, \u201cK\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 Yelek Uluslararas\u0131 G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fck \u00d6d\u00fclleri\u201d bu y\u0131l deprem sonras\u0131nda yapt\u0131klar\u0131 iyilikler ve g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fck \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fclere vermi\u015ftir. Bunun yan\u0131nda Gen\u00e7lik ve Spor Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Ulusal G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fck Komitesi gibi kurulu\u015flar ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere \u201c5 Aral\u0131k D\u00fcnya G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcler G\u00fcn\u00fc\u201d kapsam\u0131nda etkinlik d\u00fczenleyen b\u00fct\u00fcn kurum ve kurulu\u015flar\u0131n faaliyetlerinin oda\u011f\u0131nda \u201cdeprem\u201d temas\u0131 \u00f6n plandayd\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Sonu\u00e7 olarak, 2023 y\u0131l\u0131na \u00f6zg\u00fc olarak genelde afet \u00f6zelde ise deprem olgusu, g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fck \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 belirlemi\u015ftir. Afet s\u00fcrecinin b\u00fct\u00fcn taraflar\u0131n\u0131n kabul etti\u011fi \u00fczere g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcler d\u0131\u015farda b\u0131rak\u0131larak ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir afet y\u00f6netim s\u00fcreci tasarlaman\u0131n olana\u011f\u0131 bulunmamaktad\u0131r. G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fclerin afet \u00f6ncesi, afet s\u0131ras\u0131 ve afet sonras\u0131nda afet y\u00f6netim s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine kat\u0131lmalar\u0131n\u0131n hangi ara\u00e7larla ve nas\u0131l sa\u011flanaca\u011f\u0131 ile h\u00e2l\u00e2 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan ve projelendirilen bir konudur. K\u00fclt\u00fcrel boyutlar g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurularak bu konunun T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki taraflar bak\u0131m\u0131ndan uzun erimli projelendirilmesi ve uygulanmas\u0131 elzem g\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedir. Deprem bir kez daha g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir ki g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fck, toplumumuzun temel de\u011ferlerinden birisidir ve kurumsal bir yap\u0131ya b\u00fcr\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fclerek bir kazanca d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 1<\/strong> Carlton, S., Nissen, S., ve Wong, J. (2021). A crisis volunteer \u2018sleeper cell\u2019: An emergent, extending and expanding disaster response organisation. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management, 30(4), 391\u2013400. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1468-5973.12381<\/p>\n\n\n\n Gurung, S., Wali, N., Simmons, O., ve Georgeou, N. (2019). The emergence of volunteerism in a post-disaster context: A systematic scoping study literature review. Third Sector Review, 25(2), 57-89. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Saputro, K. A. (2016). Information volunteers\u2019 strategies in crisis communication. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 7(1), 63\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/ijdrbe-07-2013-0027 <\/p>\n\n\n\n Whittaker, J., McLennan, B., ve Handmer, J. (2015). A review of informal volunteerism in emergencies and disasters: Definition, opportunities and challenges. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 13, 358\u2013368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijdrr.2015.07.010 <\/p>\n\n\n\n Zhu, Y., Zhuang, J., Liu, B., Liu, H., Ren, J., ve Zhao, M. (2022). The moderating effect of COVID-19 risk perception on the relationship between empathy and COVID-19 volunteer behavior: a Cross-Sectional study in Jiangsu, China. Frontiers in Public Health, 10. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2022.863613 <\/p>\n\n\n\n 2<\/strong> Nissen, S., Carlton, S., ve Wong, J. H. (2022). Supporting Volunteer Well- Being Through Disaster: Perspectives and Practices of a Youth-Led Informal Crisis volunteer group. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 52(3), 704\u2013 722. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/08997640221113882<\/p>\n\n\n\n 3<\/strong> Christensen, S., ve Wagner, L. D. (2022). Disaster Relief Nurses: Exploring the impetus to respond to multiple efforts. Nursing Science Quarterly, 35(2), 244\u2013255. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/08943184211070575<\/p>\n\n\n\n 4<\/strong> Al-Mueed, M., Chawdhery, M. R. A., Harera, E., Alhazmi, R. A., Mobrad, A., Althunayyan, S. M., ve Al-Wathinani, A. M. (2021). Potential of community volunteers in flood early warning dissemination: A case study of Bangladesh. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(24), 13010. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph182413010<\/p>\n\n\n\n 5<\/strong> Satoh, M., Iwamitsu, H., Yamada, E., Kuribayashi, Y., Yamagami-Matsuyama, T., ve Yamada, Y. (2018). Disaster nursing knowledge and competencies among nursing university students participated in relief activities following the 2016 Kumamoto earthquakes. SAGE Open Nursing, 4, 237796081880491. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2377960818804918<\/p>\n\n\n\n 6<\/strong> Bae, S. M., Lee, M., Kim, E., Kim, J., Lee, J., Hwang, J., Chang, H. Y., Lee, C. S., Park, J., ve Bhang, S. (2019). Mental Health Interventions Provided by Volunteer Psychiatrists after the Sewol Ferry Disaster: April 16\u2013November 30, 2014. Psychiatry Investigation, 16(7), 513\u2013523. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.30773\/pi.2019.04.30 Pandya, A., Katz, C. L., Smith, R. P., Ng, A., Tafoya, M., Holmes, A., ve North, C. S. (2010). Services Provided by Volunteer Psychiatrists after 9\/11 at the New York City Family Assistance Center: September 12\u2013November 20, 2001. Journal of Psychiatric Practice, 16(3), 193\u2013199. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.pra.0000375717.77831.83<\/p>\n\n\n\n 7<\/strong> Veenema, T. G., Griffin, A., Gable, A. R., MacIntyre, L. M., Simons, R. N., Couig, M. P., Walsh, J. J., Lavin, R. P., Dobalian, A., ve Larson, E. (2016). Nurses as Leaders in Disaster Preparedness and Response\u2014A Call to action. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 48(2), 187\u2013200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jnu.12198<\/p>\n\n\n\n 8<\/strong> Fulmer, T., Portelli, I., Foltin, G. L., Zimmerman, R., Chachkes, E., ve Goldfrank, L. R. (2007). Organization-based incident management: developing a disaster volunteer role on a university campus. Disaster Management & Response. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dmr.2007.06.001<\/p>\n\n\n\n 9<\/strong> Saputro, K. A. (2016). Information volunteers\u2019 strategies in crisis communication. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 7(1), 63\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/ijdrbe-07-2013-0027<\/p>\n\n\n\n 10<\/strong> Zhu, Y., Zhuang, J., Liu, B., Liu, H., Ren, J., ve Zhao, M. (2022). The moderating effect of COVID-19 risk perception on the relationship between empathy and COVID-19 volunteer behavior: a Cross-Sectional study in Jiangsu, China. Frontiers in Public Health, 10. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2022.863613<\/p>\n\n\n\n 11<\/strong> Carlton, S., Nissen, S., ve Wong, J. (2021). A crisis volunteer \u2018sleeper cell\u2019: An emergent, extending and expanding disaster response organisation. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management, 30(4), 391\u2013400. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1468-5973.12381<\/p>\n\n\n\n 12<\/strong> Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130leti\u015fim Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131. (2023). 06 \u015eubat 2023 Kahramanmara\u015f depremleri asr\u0131n felaketi. Yazar. https:\/\/www.iletisim.gov.tr\/images\/uploads\/dosyalar\/Asrin-Felaketi-TR.pdf<\/p>\n\n\n\n 13<\/strong> Akg\u00fcn, T., ve Ball\u0131, A. (2023, 31 Mart). Deprem felaketi sonras\u0131 AFAD g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc say\u0131s\u0131 ikiye katland\u0131. Anadolu Ajans\u0131. https:\/\/www.aa.com.tr\/tr\/asrin-felaketi\/deprem-felaketi-sonrasi-afad-gonullu-sayisi-ikiye-katlandi\/2860144<\/p>\n\n\n\n 14<\/strong> T\u00dcSEV. (2023). Kahramanmara\u015f depremleri ve sivil toplum g\u00f6zlem notlar\u0131 I. https:\/\/tusev.org.tr\/usrfiles\/images\/DepremGozlem1TR.pdf<\/p>\n\n\n\n 15<\/strong> UNDP. (2023, 27 March). Recovery and reconstruction after the 2023 earthquakes in Turkiye. https:\/\/www.undp.org\/turkiye\/publications\/recovery-andreconstruction-after-2023-earthquakes-turkiye-undp-project-catalogue<\/p>\n\n\n\n 16<\/strong> T\u00fcrk K\u0131z\u0131lay. (2023, 4 Aral\u0131k). G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fck hikayeleriyle kalpleri \u0131s\u0131tanlara K\u0131z\u0131lay\u2019dan \u00f6d\u00fcl. https:\/\/www.kizilay.org.tr\/Haber\/HaberDetay\/7555<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u201cG\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fck\u201d olgusunun san\u0131r\u0131m en g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr oldu\u011fu, herkesin g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olmak i\u00e7in heves etti\u011fi d\u00f6nem afetlerden hemen sonraki zaman aral\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nemlerde afet b\u00f6lgesindeki topluluklar ciddi anlamda deste\u011fe ve yard\u0131ma ihtiya\u00e7 duyar; bununla beraber g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcler de afetlerden etkilenen b\u00f6lgelerin yeniden in\u015fa edilmesinde, afetlerin etkilerinin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131nda kendilerinde \u00f6nemli bir rol ve sorumluluk hissederler. Afet sonras\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7lerde g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcler daha…<\/p>\n
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