{"id":3384,"date":"2024-05-29T16:21:38","date_gmt":"2024-05-29T13:21:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yillik.kizilayakademi.org.tr\/?p=3384"},"modified":"2024-05-29T16:56:00","modified_gmt":"2024-05-29T13:56:00","slug":"afet-risk-yonetimi-ve-6-subat-2023-kahramanmaras-depremlerinde-elbistanda-kriz-yonetimi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kizilayakademi.org.tr\/yillik\/afet-risk-yonetimi-ve-6-subat-2023-kahramanmaras-depremlerinde-elbistanda-kriz-yonetimi\/","title":{"rendered":"Afet Risk Y\u00f6netimi ve 6 \u015eubat 2023 Kahramanmara\u015f Depremlerinde Elbistan\u2019da Kriz Y\u00f6netimi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

T\u00fcrkiye co\u011frafyas\u0131nda do\u011fa kaynakl\u0131 afetler ile teknolojik afetler sebebiyle \u00e7ok say\u0131da can kayb\u0131 ve telafisi \u00e7ok zor ekonomik kay\u0131plar ya\u015fanabilmektedir. Bu can ve mal kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131n en aza indirilmesi i\u00e7in ulusal g\u00fcvenlik ve kalk\u0131nma s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 ve etki odakl\u0131, afetlere diren\u00e7li kent ve toplum stratejilerinin geli\u015ftirilmesi gere\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki \u00e7abalar\u0131n 2023 y\u0131l\u0131nda da en \u00fcst seviyede devam etti\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Ancak, afet risk y\u00f6netimi ve kriz y\u00f6netimine \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 sa\u011flayan ulusal ve yerel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma kurullar\u0131 ile eylem planlar\u0131n\u0131n, \u00f6zellikle risk azaltma ve \u00f6nleme kapsam\u0131nda ortaya koydu\u011fu \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00f6nerilerinin bir\u00e7ok afette yetersiz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Ya\u015fan\u0131lan afetlerin kriz y\u00f6netimi ve e\u015fg\u00fcd\u00fcm s\u00fcre\u00e7lerindeki aksakl\u0131klar, risk y\u00f6netimi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan planlama ve kentle\u015fme s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde etkisiz kalan tehlike\/ risk analizleri, ara\u015ft\u0131rma probleminin disiplinler \u00fcst\u00fc,  b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fik ve daha kapsay\u0131c\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131mlarla ele al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. \u00dclkemizin \u00f6zellikle g\u00fcney ve bat\u0131 sahil co\u011frafyas\u0131nda etkili olan orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131, kuzey co\u011frafyas\u0131nda ya\u015fanan sel ve ta\u015fk\u0131nlar, baz\u0131 ula\u015f\u0131m kazalar\u0131 ve KBRN olaylar\u0131, 6 \u015eubat Kahramanmara\u015f Depremleri 2023 y\u0131l\u0131nda afete d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen tehlikelerden baz\u0131lar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Afet y\u00f6netimi s\u00fcrekli geli\u015ftirilmeye ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan d\u00f6ng\u00fcsel bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir; afete haz\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k (risk azaltma ve \u00f6nleme), afete m\u00fcdahale ve afet sonras\u0131 iyile\u015ftirme a\u015famalar\u0131n\u0131 kapsar. B\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fik ele al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken bu d\u00f6ng\u00fcsel s\u00fcre\u00e7, birbirini izleyen a\u015famalarda de\u011fil i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7mi\u015f birbiriyle ili\u015fkili ve etkile\u015fimli a\u015famalardan olu\u015fur. Diren\u00e7lilik  ve afet risklerini azaltma ilkeleri \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde do\u011fa kaynakl\u0131 ve teknolojik tehlikelerin olas\u0131 risklerinin belirlenmesi ile afet \u00f6ncesi \u00f6n al\u0131c\u0131\/ proaktif y\u00f6netim bi\u00e7imi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde kabul g\u00f6ren yakla\u015f\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n hemen hepsinde teknolojik imk\u00e2nlar\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir yeri vard\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle g\u00f6zlem ve ileti\u015fim-haberle\u015fme uydular\u0131 ile insans\u0131z hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131ndaki teknolojik geli\u015fmeler afet y\u00f6netim s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine \u00f6nemli kazan\u0131mlar sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin; 5\u2019i ileti\u015fim-haberle\u015fme, 3\u2019\u00fc de g\u00f6zlem i\u015flevi g\u00f6ren 8 faal uydusu bulunmaktad\u0131r. Tehlike ve risk analizi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n kapsam\u0131, amac\u0131 ve \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fine uygun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckteki uydu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Nitekim deprem sonras\u0131 h\u0131zl\u0131 hasar tespiti \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda da y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc uydu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerinden yararlan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu teknolojilerin ve bu teknolojilere dayanarak in\u015fa edilen afete haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve m\u00fcdahale sistemlerinin \u00f6nemi Kahramanmara\u015f Depremleri\u2019nde bir kez daha ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do\u011fu Anadolu Fay Hatt\u0131 \u00fczerinde, 6 \u015eubat 2023 tarihinde 04.17.34 (TS\u0130) saatinde Mw 7.7 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde Pazarc\u0131k (Kahramanmara\u015f);13.24.47 (TS\u0130) saatinde Mw 7.6 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, Elbistan (Kahramanmara\u015f) ve 20 \u015eubat 2023 tarihinde 20.04.28 (TS\u0130) saatinde, Mw 6.4 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, Yaylada\u011f (Hatay) depremleri meydana gelmi\u015ftir (AFAD). Depremin y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 etkisi, yer hareketini b\u00fcy\u00fcten zemin ko\u015fullar\u0131 ve depreme dayan\u0131ks\u0131z y\u00fcksek riskli yap\u0131 stoku nedenleriyle olduk\u00e7a y\u00fcksek olmu\u015ftur. Yaz\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131nda 6 \u015eubat 2023 tarihinde, Kahramanmara\u015f ilinin Elbistan il\u00e7esi Afet Koordinasyon Merkezinde g\u00f6revlendirilen Eski\u015fehir Teknik \u00dcniversitesi personelinin, afete m\u00fcdahalenin ilk iki haftas\u0131 boyunca y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc faaliyetler de\u011ferlendirilmekte ve s\u00fcre\u00e7ler tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Afet y\u00f6netimi d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fcnde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi gereken baz\u0131 kritik faaliyetler ve a\u015famalar\u0131 \u015eekil 1\u2019de verilmi\u015ftir. Bu grafikten anla\u015f\u0131labilece\u011fi \u00fczere afetin hemen ard\u0131ndan yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken en kritik faaliyet \u201cEtki Analizi, Haritalama\u201d \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00fcdahale kapasitesinin s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 oldu\u011fu ko\u015fullarda hem mevcut insan kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n hem de ara\u00e7 gere\u00e7lerin verimli kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 son derece hayatidir. Bu kapsamda m\u00fcdahale a\u015famas\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm kritik eylemlerinde triyaj uygulamas\u0131na ge\u00e7ilir. Tamamen y\u0131k\u0131lan veya k\u0131smen \u00e7\u00f6ken bir binan\u0131n i\u00e7inde mahsur kalan yaral\u0131 insanlar\u0131n kurtar\u0131lmas\u0131 ilk yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken afete m\u00fcdahale eylemidir. Bu a\u015famada, afet koordinasyon merkezinde \u00f6ncelikle mevcut ko\u015fullar\u0131n h\u0131zla de\u011ferlendirilmesi beklenir. T\u00fcrkiye Afet M\u00fcdahale Plan\u0131\u2019nda yer alan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma gruplar\u0131, yetkili ve sorumlu olduklar\u0131 i\u015f ve g\u00f6revleri afetin s\u0131f\u0131r\u0131nc\u0131 an\u0131ndan itibaren mevcut ko\u015fullar d\u00e2hilinde uygulamakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u015eekil 1: Afet Y\u00f6netimi D\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc ve Kritik Faaliyetler Bilgi Grafi\u011fi<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Eski\u015fehir Teknik \u00dcniversitesi elindeki imk\u00e2nlar ve uzmanl\u0131klar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde afetin ilk an\u0131nda itibaren EST\u00dc Afet ve Acil Durum Y\u00f6netim S\u00fcreci Y\u00f6nergesi do\u011frultusunda m\u00fcdahale \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na ba\u015flad\u0131. Yer ve Uzay Bilimleri Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc Yer Bilimleri ve Deprem M\u00fchendisli\u011fi Anabilim Dal\u0131ndan Do\u00e7. Dr. Muammer T\u00fcn liderli\u011findeki 2 ki\u015filik afet y\u00f6netim y\u00f6netimi ekibi, Hasan Polatkan Havaliman\u0131 Kurtarma ve Yang\u0131nla M\u00fccadele Biriminden 7 ki\u015fi ile t\u00fcm \u00fcniversite birimlerinden gelen g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fclerle bir ekip olu\u015fturuldu. Eski\u015fehir Teknik \u00dcniversitesinin (EST\u00dc) olu\u015fturdu\u011fu ekip gerekli haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131n tamamlanmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan 1 itfaiye arac\u0131 ve 1 minib\u00fcsle  6 \u015eubat 2023, 11.00\u2019de EST\u00dc \u0130ki Eyl\u00fcl Kamp\u00fcs\u00fcnden deprem b\u00f6lgesine do\u011fru yola \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

T.C. Kahramanmara\u015f Valili\u011fi Elbistan Afet Koordinasyon Merkezine (AKM) var\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda EST\u00dc Arama Kurtarma Ekibi AFAD G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc personeline kayd\u0131n\u0131 yapt\u0131rd\u0131. M\u00fcdahale a\u015famas\u0131na ili\u015fkin g\u00f6zlemler aras\u0131nda AKM\u2019ye ula\u015fan arama kurtarma ekiplerinin kaydedilmeleri ile enkaza y\u00f6nlendirilmelerine ili\u015fkin y\u00fcr\u00fctme s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde aksakl\u0131klar\u0131n oldu\u011fu; arama kurtarma ekiplerinin g\u00f6revlendirme planlamas\u0131n\u0131n ve takibinin e\u015fg\u00fcd\u00fcm i\u00e7inde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclemedi\u011fi ve bu i\u015fleyi\u015fin en b\u00fcy\u00fck eksi\u011finin y\u0131k\u0131lan binalar\u0131n co\u011frafi konumlar\u0131 ve net say\u0131lar\u0131na ait herhangi bir tespit \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmamas\u0131ndan kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

AKM\u2019de EST\u00dc Arama Kurtarma Ekibi\u2019nin y\u00f6nlendirildi\u011fi enkaza var\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda zemin kat\u0131n\u0131n tamamen \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Enkaz ba\u015f\u0131nda bekleyen ki\u015filer enkaz\u0131n alt\u0131nda kalan yak\u0131nlar\u0131 oldu\u011funu ifade etmi\u015fler ancak ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan a\u011f\u0131r i\u015f makineleri bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan m\u00fcdahale imk\u00e2n\u0131 olamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Enkazda arama kurtarma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flat\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in gerekli a\u011f\u0131r i\u015f makinesi talebini iletmek \u00fczere Elbistan AKM ile ileti\u015fime ge\u00e7ilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ancak telefon hatlar\u0131ndaki sorun dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu da m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu s\u0131rada enkaz alt\u0131nda canl\u0131 yak\u0131n\u0131 oldu\u011funu ifade eden di\u011fer ki\u015filerin beyan\u0131 \u00fczerine a\u011f\u0131r i\u015f makinesi ihtiyac\u0131 olmadan m\u00fcdahale edilebilecek bir di\u011fer enkaz\u0131n arama kurtarma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na ge\u00e7ilmi\u015ftir. Sahadaki ko\u015fullar\u0131 ve geli\u015fmeleri Elbistan AKM\u2019ye (EAKM) bildirilmesi her gerekti\u011finde denenmekle birlikte \u00e7o\u011funlukla ba\u015far\u0131 sa\u011flanamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sahaya ili\u015fkin g\u00f6zlemler aras\u0131nda arama kurtarma ekipleri ile EAKM aras\u0131nda ileti\u015fim sa\u011flanamamas\u0131 ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla hangi ekibin hangi enkazda bulundu\u011funun ve enkazdan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan yaral\u0131 bilgilerinin EAKM\u2019ye iletilememesinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ekiplerin bir enkazdan di\u011ferine y\u00f6nlendirilmesi s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde ya\u015fanan aksakl\u0131klar gibi baz\u0131 olumsuzluklar yer almaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca Elbistan kent merkezinde ka\u00e7 tane y\u0131k\u0131lan bina oldu\u011fu, y\u0131k\u0131lan binalar\u0131n hangi noktalarda yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, hangi enkazda ka\u00e7 ki\u015finin kurtar\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi, hangi ekibin hangi enkazda oldu\u011fu, kimin hangi enkazdan hangi ekip taraf\u0131ndan kurtar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi bilgilerin EAKM\u2019ye sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u015fekilde aktar\u0131lamamas\u0131 s\u00fcrecin i\u015fleyi\u015fini olumsuz etkilemi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Arama kurtarma faaliyetlerinin daha etkili ve e\u015fg\u00fcd\u00fcm sa\u011flanarak y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclebilmesi i\u00e7in y\u0131k\u0131lan binalar\u0131n tespit edilmesi ve say\u0131sal olarak co\u011frafi konumlar\u0131yla birlikte haritalanmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ncelikli oldu\u011fu de\u011ferlendirilip gere\u011fi yap\u0131lmak \u00fczere EAKM Koordinat\u00f6r Valisi\u2019ne durum arz edilmi\u015ftir. H\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde EAKM\u2019de Co\u011frafi Bilgi Sistemleri ve Haritalama Ofisi kurularak ofiste ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan bilgisayar, yaz\u0131c\u0131 ve di\u011fer donan\u0131mlarla birlikte sarf malzemeler tedarik edilmi\u015ftir. Elbistan Kadastro M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnce b\u00f6lgede daha \u00f6nceden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kadastro \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 temin edilerek Elbistan Kadastro M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc g\u00f6revli personeli (m\u00fcd\u00fcr\/ kontrol m\u00fchendisi) ve Elbistan Belediyesi personeli katk\u0131lar\u0131yla say\u0131sal haritalama \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Y\u0131k\u0131lan bina say\u0131s\u0131, bina kodu, co\u011frafi konumu, ada-parsel bilgisi, binada ya\u015fayan ki\u015fi say\u0131s\u0131, bina kat y\u00fcksekli\u011fi, binan\u0131n yap\u0131m y\u0131l\u0131, binan\u0131n mimari plan\u0131 gibi bilgilerin co\u011frafi bilgi sistemi ortam\u0131nda say\u0131sal haritalar\u0131n\u0131n olmas\u0131 afet y\u00f6netim s\u00fcrecinde karar vericilere daha do\u011fru ve h\u0131zl\u0131 karar alabilme imk\u00e2n\u0131 ve kapasitesi sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Afetin ikinci g\u00fcn\u00fcnde Elbistan kent merkezinde y\u0131k\u0131lan bina say\u0131s\u0131na ili\u015fkin ilk veri, \u0130l\u00e7e Emniyet M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc personeli taraf\u0131ndan tespiti yap\u0131lan y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bina say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n mahallelere g\u00f6re da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m listesi EAKM\u2019de bulunmaktayd\u0131. Bu listede toplam 500 adet evin y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve 130 evle en fazla y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131n K\u00fcmbet Mahallesinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi bilgisine yer verilmi\u015fti. Bu tespitlerin acilen do\u011frulanmas\u0131 ve say\u0131sal haritalar\u0131n \u00fcretilerek m\u00fcdahale \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n e\u015fg\u00fcd\u00fcm i\u00e7inde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi gerekiyordu. Bu ama\u00e7la b\u00f6lge \u00fczerinde insans\u0131z hava arac\u0131 (\u0130HA) u\u00e7urularak uzaktan alg\u0131lama y\u00f6ntemleriyle y\u0131k\u0131lan binalar\u0131n tespit edilip  haritalanmas\u0131, arama kurtarma faaliyetlerinin sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi i\u00e7in son derece hayati bir gereklilikti. Nitekim Elbistan il\u00e7esi kent merkezi \u00fczerinde planlanan co\u011frafi alan \u00fczerinde insans\u0131z hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131  u\u00e7urularak elde edilen y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc hava foto\u011fraflar\u0131 \u00c7evre, \u015eehircilik ve \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Co\u011frafi Bilgi Sistemleri Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ekibi ve Mill\u00ee Savunma Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Harita Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u0130HA ekibiyle koordinasyon sa\u011flanarak toplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

EAKM\u2019de y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan yard\u0131mc\u0131 personel deste\u011fi sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla T\u00dcB\u0130TAK 1002-C Do\u011fal Afetler Odakl\u0131 Saha \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 Acil Destek Program\u0131na \u201cY\u00fcksek \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc Hava Foto\u011fraflar\u0131 ve Yersel Alan Taramas\u0131 ile Y\u0131k\u0131k Binalar\u0131n H\u0131zl\u0131 Tespiti\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 projeyle ba\u015fvurulmu\u015f ve proje kabul edilmi\u015ftir. \u0130lk olarak Mill\u00ee Savunma Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Harita Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u0130HA ekibi taraf\u0131ndan elde edilen ortofoto g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri kullan\u0131larak y\u0131k\u0131lan binalar\u0131n tespiti yap\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak depremden sonra ya\u011fan kar ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131 nedeniyle y\u0131k\u0131lan yap\u0131lar \u00fczerinde biriken yakla\u015f\u0131k 20 cm kar \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc, y\u00fckseklik verisi sa\u011flamayan ortofoto g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcnden y\u0131k\u0131lan binalar\u0131n tespitini olanaks\u0131z k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu sonu\u00e7 \u00fczerine saha taramas\u0131 planlamas\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve 9 \u015eubat 2023 tarihinde Elbistan il\u00e7esi kent merkezindeki 14 mahalle i\u00e7in Eski\u015fehir Teknik \u00dcniversitesi G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc Ekibi ile Eski\u015fehir Valili\u011finden g\u00f6nderilen ara\u00e7lar kullan\u0131larak tamamen y\u0131k\u0131k, k\u0131smi y\u0131k\u0131k ve a\u011f\u0131r hasar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f y\u00fczlerce yap\u0131n\u0131n h\u0131zl\u0131 sokak taramas\u0131yla foto\u011fraflar\u0131 \u00e7ekilmi\u015ftir. Ard\u0131ndan bu foto\u011fraflar\u0131n ada, parsel, co\u011frafi konum bilgileriyle ili\u015fkilendirilmesine y\u00f6nelik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. En ba\u015fta enkaz kald\u0131rma ve adli i\u015flem s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinin sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclebilmesi amac\u0131yla \u00fcretilen bu say\u0131sal haritalar\u0131n afetin s\u0131f\u0131r\u0131nc\u0131 an\u0131nda olup arama kurtarma faaliyetlerinde kullan\u0131lamam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 \u00f6nemli bir kapasite eksikli\u011fi olarak de\u011ferlendirilebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Haritalama \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda Eski\u015fehir Teknik \u00dcniversitesi, Gebze Teknik \u00dcniversitesi ve AFAD ekibi 12 \u015eubat 2023 Pazar g\u00fcn\u00fc y\u0131k\u0131lan bina-co\u011frafi konum e\u015fle\u015ftirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na devam etmi\u015ftir. Adli s\u00fcre\u00e7lerin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesinde g\u00f6rev alan Ba\u015fsavc\u0131 ve ekibine mahalle bazl\u0131 raporlamalar 12 \u015eubat itibar\u0131yla sa\u011flanmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Afetin yedinci g\u00fcn\u00fcnde Elbistan il\u00e7esinde en fazla binan\u0131n (tamamen ve k\u0131smen) y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 mahalleler G\u00fcne\u015fli (251), Ceyhan (129), K\u00fcmbet (122) olarak belirlenmi\u015ftir. Olu\u015fturulan haritalar, T.C. Kahramanmara\u015f Valili\u011fi Elbistan Afet Koordinasyon Merkezinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma b\u00f6lgesindeki depremin y\u0131k\u0131m boyutunun h\u0131zla belirlenmesi, adli i\u015flemlerin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi, enkaz kald\u0131rma, Defterdarl\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen zarar tespit gibi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere afet m\u00fcdahale s\u00fcrecinin bir\u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na alt\u0131k veri sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Depremin ilk haftas\u0131nda Elbistan\u2019daki g\u00f6zlemlere dayal\u0131 olan bu analiz tamamlan\u0131rken gelecekteki depremler i\u00e7in \u015fu notlar\u0131n alt\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zellikle \u00e7izilmesi gerekmektedir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Afet Bilgi Y\u00f6netimi, De\u011ferlendirme ve \u0130zleme Grubunun, afetin etki analizi s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde kullan\u0131labilecek, 1\/1000 \u00f6l\u00e7ekli say\u0131sal afet etki haritalar\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye Ulusal Co\u011frafi Bilgi Sistemi (TUCBS) altyap\u0131s\u0131 veri s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131yla uyumlu, ak\u0131ll\u0131 kent ekosistemi veri katmanlar\u0131yla birlikte afetin ilk 24 saatinde yetkili kullan\u0131c\u0131lara ula\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 son derece \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

AKM\u2019lerde afetin s\u0131f\u0131r\u0131nc\u0131 an\u0131ndan ba\u015flayarak say\u0131sal haritalar\u0131n ger\u00e7ek saha verileriyle birlikte ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcdahale kapasitesini artt\u0131rabilecektir. Afet y\u00f6netimi s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde, co\u011frafi bilgi sistemi ve uzaktan alg\u0131lama \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm tekniklerinden ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 \u00e7evrim d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i sunucu hizmetleriyle birlikte yararlanabilme kapasitelerinin geli\u015ftirilmesi \u00f6nem arz etmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130nsans\u0131z hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131 ve uydu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerinin afet an\u0131nda yetkilendirilmi\u015f son kullan\u0131c\u0131lara ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, veri i\u015flem, analiz, de\u011ferlendirme ve yorumlama yeteneklerinin yaz\u0131l\u0131msal, donan\u0131msal ve yerelde yeti\u015fmi\u015f insan kayna\u011f\u0131yla artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6zellikle yereldeki karar vericilerin, afet risk y\u00f6netimi odakl\u0131, diren\u00e7li kent ve toplum stratejileri geli\u015ftirme ve izleme s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine ili\u015fkin fark\u0131ndal\u0131k ve duyarl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 hedeflenmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Deprem tehlikesi y\u00fcksek arazi kullan\u0131m\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131nma, depreme dayan\u0131ks\u0131z yap\u0131 stoku in\u015fa etmeme, diren\u00e7li toplum \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde kitle kaynak y\u00f6netim uygulamalar\u0131 geli\u015ftirme, k\u0131r\u0131lgan sosyal dokunun tespiti gibi konularda \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 ve etki odakl\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131mlar b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fik bir anlay\u0131\u015fla geli\u015ftirilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Afet risk y\u00f6netiminde ve afet kriz y\u00f6netimi s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde kullan\u0131labilecek kitle kaynak y\u00f6netim sistemlerinin geli\u015ftirilmesi ve afete diren\u00e7li kent ve toplum stratejilerinde yerelden ba\u015flayan fark\u0131ndal\u0131k ve \u00e7ok disiplinli kapasite iyile\u015ftirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na daha fazla \u00f6nem verilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

1<\/strong> AFAD (2023). 06 \u015eubat 2023 Pazarc\u0131k-Elbistan Kahramanmara\u015f (Mw: 7.7\u2013 Mw: 7.6) Depremleri Raporu, Deprem Dairesi Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 https:\/\/deprem.afad.gov.tr\/assets\/pdf\/Kahramanmara%C5%9F%20Depremi%20%20Raporu_02.06.2023.pdf<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u00fcrkiye co\u011frafyas\u0131nda do\u011fa kaynakl\u0131 afetler ile teknolojik afetler sebebiyle \u00e7ok say\u0131da can kayb\u0131 ve telafisi \u00e7ok zor ekonomik kay\u0131plar ya\u015fanabilmektedir. Bu can ve mal kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131n en aza indirilmesi i\u00e7in ulusal g\u00fcvenlik ve kalk\u0131nma s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 ve etki odakl\u0131, afetlere diren\u00e7li kent ve toplum stratejilerinin geli\u015ftirilmesi gere\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki \u00e7abalar\u0131n 2023 y\u0131l\u0131nda da en \u00fcst seviyede devam…<\/p>\n

Devam\u0131 \u00bb<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3384","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-akademik-degerlendirmeler","years-166","institution-eskisehir-teknik-universitesi"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kizilayakademi.org.tr\/yillik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3384","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kizilayakademi.org.tr\/yillik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kizilayakademi.org.tr\/yillik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kizilayakademi.org.tr\/yillik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kizilayakademi.org.tr\/yillik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3384"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kizilayakademi.org.tr\/yillik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3384\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kizilayakademi.org.tr\/yillik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3384"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kizilayakademi.org.tr\/yillik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3384"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kizilayakademi.org.tr\/yillik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3384"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}