2023 y\u0131l\u0131, k\u00fcresel \u00e7apta artan ve karma\u015f\u0131kla\u015fan insani krizlerle m\u00fccadele ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fckseli\u015fe ge\u00e7ti\u011fini bir y\u0131l oldu. T\u00fcrkiye de 6 \u015eubat\u2019ta tarihinin en b\u00fcy\u00fck deprem felaketlerinden birini ya\u015fad\u0131. Do\u011fa kaynakl\u0131 afetler, sava\u015flar, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar ve iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131 felaketler, milyonlarca insan\u0131 evinden uzakla\u015ft\u0131rarak insani yard\u0131ma olan talebi artt\u0131rmaya devam ediyor. Bu durum insani yard\u0131m sisteminin daha etkili, verimli ve hesap verebilir bir h\u00e2le getirilmesinin aciliyetine i\u015faret ediyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Yerelle\u015fme, insani yard\u0131m m\u00fcdahalelerinde yerel akt\u00f6rlerin ve etkilenmi\u015f topluluklar\u0131n daha fazla rol almas\u0131 ve sorumluluk \u00fcstlenmesi anlam\u0131na gelir. \u0130nsani yard\u0131m \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n yerelle\u015fmesi, son y\u0131llarda uluslararas\u0131 toplumun g\u00fcndeminde giderek daha da \u00f6nem kazan\u0131yor. 2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenen D\u00fcnya \u0130nsani Yard\u0131m Zirvesi\u2019nde kabul edilen Grand Bargain (B\u00fcy\u00fck Uzla\u015f\u0131), daha etkili ve yerelle\u015fmi\u015f insani yard\u0131m m\u00fcdahalesi ad\u0131na somut hedef ve taahh\u00fctler i\u00e7erir. Bu taahh\u00fctler aras\u0131nda, krizlerden etkilenen insanlara kar\u015f\u0131 hesap verebilirlik, yereldeki kapasitenin tan\u0131nmas\u0131 ve yerel liderli\u011fin g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi gibi temel ilkeler yer al\u0131r. Bu mevcut taahh\u00fctlere ra\u011fmen insani yard\u0131m\u0131n yerelle\u015fmesi de d\u00e2hil daha etkili, verimli, kapsay\u0131c\u0131 ve hesap verebilir bir insani yard\u0131m sistemine y\u00f6nelik d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm olduk\u00e7a yava\u015f ilerliyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Etkilenen topluluklar\u0131n ve yerel akt\u00f6rlerin uluslararas\u0131 insani yard\u0131m ve kalk\u0131nma sistemlerinin karar mekanizmalar\u0131na anlaml\u0131 bir \u015fekilde d\u00e2hil edilmesi ne yaz\u0131k ki sa\u011flanabilmi\u015f de\u011fil. \u0130nsani yard\u0131m alan\u0131nda yerelle\u015fme yolunda h\u00e2l\u00e2 at\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken ad\u0131mlar var. B\u00fcy\u00fck Uzla\u015f\u0131 taahh\u00fctleri \u00fc\u00e7 \u00f6nemli ad\u0131m\u0131n alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7iziyor:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ayn\u0131 zamanda B\u00fcy\u00fck Uzla\u015f\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesi, insani yard\u0131m\u0131n kilit payda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fclke baz\u0131nda olu\u015fturdu\u011fu ve yerel akt\u00f6rlerin \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etti\u011fi Ulusal Referans Gruplar\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesini de \u00f6neriyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\u201c\u0130nsani yard\u0131m sisteminin merkezi, tepeden y\u00f6netilen, her duruma tek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00fcreten bir yakla\u015f\u0131mdan s\u0131yr\u0131l\u0131p t\u00fcm payda\u015flar\u0131n etkile\u015fim halinde ve birbirlerini tamamlay\u0131c\u0131 \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131; taban \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmelerinin yeterli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ve zaman\u0131nda ula\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 kaynaklarla kendi yerel \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlerini \u00fcrettikleri bir ekosistem \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulunuyoruz.\u201d K\u00fcresel G\u00fcneyin Yerel STK\u2019lar\u0131, D\u00fcnya \u0130nsani Yard\u0131m Zirvesi, 2016<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
Hayata Destek Derne\u011fi, insani yard\u0131mda yerelle\u015fmenin \u00f6neminin daha da artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 2023\u2019te k\u00fcresel, ulusal ve en \u00f6nemlisi yerel d\u00fczeyde yerelle\u015fme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 derinle\u015ftirdi. Daha \u00f6nce, orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131 ve sellerden etkilenen b\u00f6lgelerde yerel topluluklar\u0131n, ihtiyac\u0131 ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc kendileri belirleyerek haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131, afete dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 hedefleyen projelerine mikro hibe ve s\u00fcpervizyon deste\u011fi oda\u011f\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz Yerelin Liderli\u011finde G\u00fc\u00e7lenme Program\u0131\u2019n\u0131 bu y\u0131l deprem b\u00f6lgesinde uygulamaya ba\u015flad\u0131k. Afetten en \u00e7ok etkilenen Hatay, Kahramanmara\u015f, Ad\u0131yaman ve Malatya\u2019da y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz programda, yerel topluluklar\u0131n erken iyile\u015ftirme, onar\u0131m ve afete dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k alanlar\u0131nda inisiyatif al\u0131p kendi faaliyetlerini y\u00fcr\u00fctmelerine arac\u0131l\u0131k ettik. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Etkilenmi\u015f topluluklar\u0131n kendi m\u00fcdahale ve risk azaltma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na sa\u011flanan desteklerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra 2023\u2019te ulusal d\u00fczeyde a\u011flar ve platformlar \u00fczerinden yap\u0131lan yerelle\u015fme savunuculu\u011fu T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de insani yard\u0131m\u0131n yap\u0131l\u0131\u015f \u015feklini etkiledi. 2016\u2019da Hayata Destek\u2019in liderli\u011finde kurulan Yerelle\u015fme Savunuculuk Grubu (YSG) ve 2017\u2019de Hayata Destek\u2019in kurucu \u00fcyesi oldu\u011fu T\u00fcrkiye M\u00fclteci Konseyi (TMK), \u00fclkede insani yard\u0131m\u0131n kapsay\u0131c\u0131 ve yerelden y\u00f6netilebilece\u011fini g\u00f6steren ve bunu savunun etkili giri\u015fimler haline geldi. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde 6 \u015eubat Depremleri sonras\u0131 yap\u0131lan Acil Yard\u0131m \u00c7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 ile kurulan Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler \u0130nsani Yard\u0131m Koordinasyon Ofisi [The United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)] koordinasyon mekanizmas\u0131 i\u00e7inde yerel STK\u2019lar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve sekt\u00f6r toplant\u0131lar\u0131nda e\u015f y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc te\u015fvik etmek ve desteklemek \u00fczere Hayata Destek ev sahipli\u011finde T\u00fcrkiye Yerel STK \u0130nsani Forumu (T\u0130F) kuruldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00fcm bu a\u011flardaki ama\u00e7, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki insani yard\u0131m ve kalk\u0131nma m\u00fcdahalelerinin yerel akt\u00f6rler liderli\u011finde daha etkili, verimli ve hesap verilebilir \u015fekilde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclebilece\u011fini g\u00f6stermek. 2023 y\u0131l\u0131nda, YSG ve TMK sekreteryal\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kurulan \u2018Ulusal Referans Grubu\u2019 (URG), \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma gruplar\u0131 \u00fczerinden yerel STK\u2019lar, don\u00f6rler, Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler kurumlar\u0131 ve uluslararas\u0131 STK\u2019lar\u0131 bir araya getirip T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de insani yard\u0131m \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n yerel kapasite \u00fczerine in\u015fa edilmesinin yollar\u0131n\u0131 ar\u0131yor. URG \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma gruplar\u0131, nitelikli ve adil ortakl\u0131klar, finansman kalitesi ve yerel akt\u00f6rlerin insani yard\u0131m koordinasyonundaki rol\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00fc\u00e7lenmesi ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131nda yenilik\u00e7i yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sonu\u00e7 olarak T\u00fcrkiye, insani yard\u0131mlar\u0131n yerelle\u015fmesinde \u00f6nc\u00fc \u00fclkelerden biri. Hayata Destek Derne\u011fi de bu g\u00fcndemi ulusal d\u00fczeyde canl\u0131 tutan, ilgili taraflar\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctleyen, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki geli\u015fmeleri k\u00fcresel d\u00fczeye ta\u015f\u0131yan ve savunuculu\u011funu yapan konumda. 2023 y\u0131l\u0131nda Hayata Destek\u2019in yerelle\u015fme alan\u0131ndaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, temel olarak a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki d\u00f6rt alana odakland\u0131:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n
- Tabanda fark\u0131ndal\u0131k ve destek yaratma: T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de insani yard\u0131m\u0131n yerelle\u015fmesi konusunda fark\u0131ndal\u0131k yaratmak ve deste\u011fi artt\u0131rmak i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli etkinlikler d\u00fczenlendi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Yerel kapasiteyi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr k\u0131lma ve g\u00fc\u00e7lendirme: Yerel akt\u00f6rlerin insani yard\u0131m m\u00fcdahalelerinde daha etkin \u015fekilde yer almalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kurumsalla\u015fma ve operasyonel kapasite g\u00fc\u00e7lendirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcld\u00fc. Deprem b\u00f6lgesine hizmet eden yerel STK ve topluluk liderli\u011findeki sivil olu\u015fumlar\u0131n haritas\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Yerel i\u015f birliklerini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirme: Yerel akt\u00f6rlerle \u00e7oklu payda\u015flar aras\u0131nda i\u015f birliklerini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmek i\u00e7in f\u0131rsatlar yarat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Finansman ve teknik deste\u011fe eri\u015fim: Don\u00f6r ve uluslararas\u0131 kurulu\u015flarla yerel STK\u2019lar\u0131 bir araya getirerek insani yard\u0131m hibelerine eri\u015fim kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
2023 y\u0131l\u0131nda ya\u015fanan deprem felaketinin de etkisiyle, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ivme kazanan yerelle\u015fme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n merkezinde; yerel kapasitenin g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr hale gelmesi, insani yard\u0131m i\u015fleyi\u015fini d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrebilecek bir etki yaratmaya ba\u015flamas\u0131 ve topluluklar\u0131n kendi ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler \u00fcretebilme becerilerinin kazan\u0131lmas\u0131 yer al\u0131yor. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131mla, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de sivil toplum, yerel y\u00f6netim ve \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli yerel payda\u015flar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra afetten etkilenen topluluklarla i\u015f birli\u011fi i\u00e7inde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131; yerel akt\u00f6rlerin afet sonras\u0131 toparlanma, risk azaltma ve afete haz\u0131rl\u0131k konular\u0131nda g\u00fcndemi belirledi\u011fini g\u00f6rmeye ba\u015flad\u0131k. Bu ba\u015far\u0131da Hayata Destek gibi insani yard\u0131m\u0131 ilkeli ve insani yard\u0131m prensiplerine uygun yapan sivil toplum kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n etkisi yads\u0131namaz. Daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir sivil toplum, sivil alan, insani yard\u0131m mekanizmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yerelle\u015fmeyi g\u00fc\u00e7lendirme hedefiyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n1<\/strong> Agenda for Humanity: 5 Core Responsibilities, 24 Transformations, https:\/\/agendaforhumanity.org<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2<\/strong> ODI Policy Brief, https:\/\/cdn.odi.org\/media\/documents\/ODI-Are_we_there_yet-Localisation-policy-brief.pdf<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3<\/strong> The Grand Bargain in 2022: An Independent Review, June 2023, Overseas Development Institute, https:\/\/interagencystandingcommittee.org\/sites\/default\/files\/migrated\/2023-08\/HPG_report-Grand_Bargain_2023_master_rev.pdf<\/p>\n\n\n\n
4<\/strong> https:\/\/interagencystandingcommittee.org\/system\/files\/2021-07\/%28EN%29%20Grand%20Bargain%202.0%20Framework.pdf<\/p>\n\n\n\n
5<\/strong> https:\/\/www.icvanetwork.org\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Topic-Six-Grand-Bargain-Explained-ICVA-Briefing-Paper-Turkish.pdf<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
2023 y\u0131l\u0131, k\u00fcresel \u00e7apta artan ve karma\u015f\u0131kla\u015fan insani krizlerle m\u00fccadele ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fckseli\u015fe ge\u00e7ti\u011fini bir y\u0131l oldu. T\u00fcrkiye de 6 \u015eubat\u2019ta tarihinin en b\u00fcy\u00fck deprem felaketlerinden birini ya\u015fad\u0131. Do\u011fa kaynakl\u0131 afetler, sava\u015flar, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar ve iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131 felaketler, milyonlarca insan\u0131 evinden uzakla\u015ft\u0131rarak insani yard\u0131ma olan talebi artt\u0131rmaya devam ediyor. Bu durum insani yard\u0131m sisteminin daha etkili,…<\/p>\n